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In 1559, in his work "A Treatise of China and the Adjoyning Regions", Gaspar da Cruz offers an early discussion of the Great Wall. [46] Perhaps the first recorded instance of a European actually entering China via the Great Wall came in 1605, when the Portuguese Jesuit brother Bento de Góis reached the northwestern Jiayu Pass from India. [48]
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Course of the Wall throughout history. The history of the Great Wall of China began when fortifications built by various states during the Spring and Autumn (771–476 BC) [1] and Warring States periods (475–221 BC) were connected by the first emperor of China, Qin Shi Huang, to protect his newly founded Qin dynasty (221–206 BC) against incursions by nomads from Inner Asia.
Jinshanling, Great Wall of China Jinshanling (simplified Chinese: 金山岭; traditional Chinese: 金山嶺; pinyin: Jīnshānlǐng) is a section of the Great Wall of China located in the mountainous area in Luanping County, Chengde, Hebei Province, 125 km (78 miles) northeast of Beijing.
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Huangyaguan or Huangya Pass (simplified Chinese: 黄崖关; traditional Chinese: 黃崖關; pinyin: Huángyáguān; lit. 'Yellow Cliff Pass') is a small section of the Great Wall of China located in the north of Jizhou District, Tianjin municipality, approximately 78 miles (126 km) north of urban Tianjin city.
The construction of the wall required the labor of 200,000 workers over twenty-one years to complete. Around 7 million cubic meters (250 × 10 ^ 6 cu ft) of earth were shifted to create one of the largest city walls ever constructed in China. [1] [2] The enclosed Nanjing City is about 55 square kilometers.
The invention of the city wall is attributed to the semi-historical sage Gun (鯀) of the Xia dynasty, father of Yu the Great. [2] The traditional narrative tells that Gun built the inner wall to defend the prince and the outer wall to settle the people.