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Total revenue is the total receipts a seller can obtain from selling goods or services to buyers. It can be written as P × Q , which is the price of the goods multiplied by the quantity of the sold goods.
Costs can be classified accurately as either fixed or variable. Changes in activity are the only factors that affect costs. All units produced are sold (there is no ending finished goods inventory). When a company sells more than one type of product, the product mix (the ratio of each product to total sales) will remain constant.
The oldest cost (i.e., the first in) is then matched against revenue and assigned to cost of goods sold. Last-In First-Out (LIFO) is the reverse of FIFO. Some systems permit determining the costs of goods at the time acquired or made, but assigning costs to goods sold under the assumption that the goods made or acquired last are sold first.
The square brackets contain the cost of goods sold, wq not cost of good made wx where x = cost of good sold. To show cost of good sold, the opening and closing finished goods stocks need to be included The profit model would then be: Opening stock = g o w = opening stock quantity × unit cost; Cost of stock = g 1 w = closing stock quantity × ...
The total cost, total revenue, and fixed cost curves can each be constructed with simple formula. For example, the total revenue curve is simply the product of selling price times quantity for each output quantity. The data used in these formula come either from accounting records or from various estimation techniques such as regression analysis.
Marginal cost and marginal revenue, depending on whether the calculus approach is taken or not, are defined as either the change in cost or revenue as each additional unit is produced or the derivative of cost or revenue with respect to the quantity of output. For instance, taking the first definition, if it costs a firm $400 to produce 5 units ...
Gross margin is a calculation of revenue less the cost of goods sold, and is used to determine how well sales cover direct variable costs relating to the production of goods. Net income/sales, or profit margin , is calculated by investors to determine how efficiently a company turns revenues into profits.
In accounting, the gross margin refers to sales minus cost of goods sold. It is not necessarily profit as other expenses such as sales, administrative, and financial costs must be deducted. And it means companies are reducing their cost of production or passing their cost to customers.