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  2. Exhaust gas recirculation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exhaust_gas_recirculation

    EGR valve the top of box on top of the inlet manifold of a Saab H engine in a 1987 Saab 90. In internal combustion engines, exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) is a nitrogen oxide (NO x) emissions reduction technique used in petrol/gasoline, diesel engines and some hydrogen engines. [1]

  3. MAP sensor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MAP_sensor

    The way they do this is during a deceleration of the vehicle when there is low absolute pressure in the intake manifold (i.e., a high vacuum present in the intake manifold relative to the outside air) the powertrain control module (PCM) will open the EGR valve and then monitor the MAP sensor's values. If the EGR is functioning properly, the ...

  4. Diesel engine - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diesel_engine

    1952 Shell Oil film showing the development of the diesel engine from 1877. The diesel engine, named after the German engineer Rudolf Diesel, is an internal combustion engine in which ignition of diesel fuel is caused by the elevated temperature of the air in the cylinder due to mechanical compression; thus, the diesel engine is called a compression-ignition engine (CI engine).

  5. Homogeneous charge compression ignition - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homogeneous_charge...

    This system is used in diesel model aircraft engines. The effective compression ratio can be reduced from the geometric ratio by closing the intake valve either very late or very early with variable valve actuation (variable valve timing that enables the Miller cycle). Both approaches require energy to achieve fast response.

  6. Ford Power Stroke engine - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ford_Power_Stroke_engine

    The 6.4 L also has a DPF and dual EGR coolers which are capable of reducing exhaust gas temps by up to 1,000 degrees before they reach the EGR valve and mix with the intake charge. The DPF traps soot and particulates from the exhaust and virtually eliminates the black smoke that most diesel engines expel upon acceleration. The engine computer ...

  7. Throttle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Throttle

    Because diesel engines do not need to control air volumes, they usually lack a butterfly valve in the intake tract. An exception to this generalization is newer diesel engines meeting stricter emissions standards, where such a valve is used to generate intake manifold vacuum, thereby allowing the introduction of exhaust gas (see EGR ) to lower ...

  8. Secondary air injection - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secondary_air_injection

    A sensitive reed valve assembly called the aspirator valve is placed in the air injection pumping, which draws its air directly from the clean side of the air filter. During engine idle, brief but periodic negative pressure pulses in the exhaust system draw air through the aspirator valve and into the exhaust stream at the catalytic converter.

  9. Mercedes-Benz OM646 engine - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercedes-Benz_OM646_engine

    Diesel: Cooling system: Water cooled: Output; Power output: 65–125 kW (88–170 PS; 87–168 hp) Torque output: 220–400 N⋅m (162–295 lb⋅ft) Emissions; Emissions target standard: Euro 4: Emissions control systems: EGR, DPF: Chronology; Predecessor: Mercedes-Benz OM611 engine: Successor: Mercedes-Benz OM651 engine