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Diorite was also used for stone vases by Bronze Age craftspeople, who developed considerable skill at polishing diorite and other stones. [38] The Egyptians had become skilled at shaping diorite and other hard stones by 4000 BCE. [39] A large diorite stela in the Louvre Museum dating to 1700 BCE is inscribed with the Code of Hammurabi. [40]
Diorite – Igneous rock type Napoleonite, also known as corsite – Variety of diorite with orbicular structure; Dunite – Ultramafic and ultrabasic rock from Earth's mantle which is made of the mineral olivine; Essexite – Igneous rock type; Foidolite – Igneous rock rich in feldspathoid minerals; Gabbro – Coarse-grained mafic intrusive rock
Diabase (/ ˈ d aɪ. ə ˌ b eɪ s /), also called dolerite (/ ˈ d ɒ l. ə ˌ r aɪ t /) or microgabbro, [1] is a mafic, holocrystalline, subvolcanic rock equivalent to volcanic basalt or plutonic gabbro.
The name comes from two related rocks to which granodiorite is an intermediate: granite and diorite. The gran-root comes from the Latin grānum for "grain", an English language derivative. Diorite is named after the contrasting colors of the rock.
Napoleonite is a variety of diorite which is characterized by orbicular structure. The grey matrix of the stone has the normal appearance of a diorite, but contains many rounded lumps 1 or 2 inches in diameter, which show concentric zones of light and dark colors.
The crystallographic structure of clay minerals became better understood in the 1930s with advancements in the x-ray diffraction (XRD) technique indispensable to deciphering their crystal lattice. [8] Clay particles were found to be predominantly sheet silicate (phyllosilicate) minerals, now grouped together as clay minerals.
Rose muscovite from the Harding pegmatite mine Blue apatite crystals at the Harding pegmatite mine. Pegmatites form under conditions in which the rate of new crystal nucleation is much slower than the rate of crystal growth. Large crystals are favored. In normal igneous rocks, coarse texture is a result of slow cooling deep underground. [14]
Quartz diorite is an igneous, plutonic rock, of felsic composition, with phaneritic texture. Feldspar is present as plagioclase (typically oligoclase or andesine ) with 10% or less potassium feldspar.