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The first European contact in 1492 started an influx of communicable diseases into the Caribbean. [1] Diseases originating in the Old World (Afro-Eurasia) came to the New World (the Americas) for the first time, resulting in demographic and sociopolitical changes due to the Columbian Exchange from the late 15th century onwards. [1]
In Colonial America, local doctors, midwives, healers and even officials administered medical care to the residents in their village or town. [2] There was no distinction between physicians and surgeons; when an emergency occurred the person who was responsible for administering medical care was expected to handle all aspects of the problem. [2]
In the 150 years that followed Columbus's arrival in 1492, the Native American population of North America was reduced by 80 per cent from diseases, including measles, smallpox and influenza. [66] [67] The damage done by these viruses significantly aided European attempts to displace and conquer the native population. [68] [69]
Since the 1993 outbreak, other hantaviruses that cause HPS have been found in the US and throughout the Americas. Sin Nombre virus remains the most common cause of HPS in North America. Although the disease was feared by many to be contagious during the 1993 outbreak, human-to-human transmission of the Sin Nombre virus has never been observed.
1759 North America measles outbreak 1759 North America Measles: Unknown [109] 1760 Charleston smallpox epidemic 1760 Charleston, British North America: Smallpox: 730–940 [110] [111] 1762 Havana yellow fever epidemic 1762 Havana, Cuba: Yellow fever: 8,000 [106] 1763 Pittsburgh area smallpox outbreak 1763 North America, present-day Pittsburgh ...
North America is known for being a leading nation in regards to industrialization and modernization, but the United States lacks federal laws regarding health care as a basic human right. This lag of health care security causes subsequent issues with pharmaceutical competition, lack of care for the elderly, and little attention to alternative ...
Researchers looked through the medical literature of established cases of illnesses and found that 218 out of the known 375 human infectious diseases, or 58%, seemed to be made worse by one of 10 ...
According to research by the CDC, chronic disease is also especially a concern in the elderly population in America. Chronic diseases like stroke, heart disease, and cancer were among the leading causes of death among Americans aged 65 or older in 2002, accounting for 61% of all deaths among this subset of the population. [15]