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Ovarian drilling, also known as multiperforation or laparoscopic ovarian diathermy, is a surgical technique of puncturing the membranes surrounding the ovary with a laser beam or a surgical needle using minimally invasive laparoscopic procedures. [1] It differs from ovarian wedge resection, which involves the cutting of tissue.
Iatrogenic, e.g., due to radiation, chemotherapy or surgery, such as laserization of the surface of the ovary to treat endometriosis. Excessive laparoscopic ovarian drilling has been reported to cause premature ovarian failure. [10] [11] (The primordial follicles are located in the thin outer one-millimeter layer of the ovary.) [12]
Running economy (RE) a complex, multifactorial concept that represents the sum of metabolic, cardiorespiratory, biomechanical and neuromuscular efficiency during running. [1]: 33 [2] [3] Oxygen consumption (VO 2) is the most commonly used method for measuring running economy, as the exchange of gases in the body, specifically oxygen and carbon dioxide, closely reflects energy metabolism.
Laparoscopic surgery, also called minimally invasive procedure, bandaid surgery, or keyhole surgery, is a modern surgical technique. There are a number of advantages to the patient with laparoscopic surgery versus an exploratory laparotomy. These include reduced pain due to smaller incisions, reduced hemorrhaging, and shorter recovery time.
da Vinci patient-side component (left) and surgeon console (right) A surgeon console at the treatment centre of Addenbrooke's Hospital The da Vinci System consists of a surgeon's console that is typically in the same room as the patient, and a patient-side cart with three to four interactive robotic arms (depending on the model) controlled from the console.
In 1899 Austrian chemist von Zaynek determined the rate of heat production in tissue as a function of frequency and current density, and first proposed using high-frequency currents for deep heating therapy. [2] In 1908 German physician Karl Franz Nagelschmidt coined the term diathermy, and performed the first extensive experiments on patients. [3]
[11] [12] Weight loss also generally results in improved menstrual regularity and pregnancy rates in women with PCOS. [13] It is well recognized that insulin resistance can be part of the sequelae of PCOS and if present, contribute to anovulation. Metformin, a biguanide, is a common insulin sensitizer often given to treat women with PCOS. [10]
Success rate is the fraction or percentage of success among a number of attempts to perform a procedure or task. It may refer to: Call setup success rate; When success refers to attempts to induce pregnancy, then pregnancy rate is used: Artificial insemination § Success rates; In vitro fertilisation § Success rates