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Crop consumptive water use is the amount of water transpired during plant growth plus what evaporates from the soil surface and foliage in the crop area. The portion of water consumed in crop production depends on many factors, especially the irrigation technology.
Ff = Era / Inf, where Era = the evapotranspiration of the crop (consumptive use) The value of Era is less than Inf, there is an excess of irrigation that percolates down to the subsoil (Per): Per = Irr + Wel – Era, or: Per = (1 − Ff) (Irr + Wel) The percolation Per is pumped up again by wells for irrigation (Wel), hence: Wel = Per, or:
Irrigation schemes in the world use about 3 500 km 3 water per year, of which 74% is evaporated by the crops. [7] This is some 80% of all water used by mankind (4 400 km 3 per year). The water used for irrigation is roughly 25% of the annually available water resources (14 000 km 3 ) and 9% of all annual river discharges in the hydrological cycle .
SWIIM software models best practices to optimize water use and tracks savings within all elements of the crop water budget on an aggregated (system-wide) basis. [2] It was designed to give water right owners the opportunity to lease a portion of their consumptive-use water rights to municipalities, private industry, and conservation groups ...
Thus, farmers can irrigate only part of their land or irrigate their crops with a limited amount of water, whereby they may choose between crops with a high consumptive use (e.g. rice, sugarcane, most orchards) or a low consumptive use (e.g. cereals - notably barley, millet, and sorghum - or cotton).
Farm water, also known as agricultural water, is water committed for use in the production of food and fibre and collecting for further resources. In the US, some 80% of the fresh water withdrawn from rivers and groundwater is used to produce food and other agricultural products. [ 1 ]
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The annual amount of percolation water (i.e. the extra amount of irrigation water on top of the crop consumptive use) required to conserve an acceptable salt balance of the soil in accordance with the salt tolerance of the crops to be grown. The ratio