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The Principality of Transylvania, from 1765 the Grand Principality of Transylvania, was a realm of the Hungarian Crown [1] [2] ruled by the Habsburg and Habsburg-Lorraine monarchs of the Habsburg monarchy (later Austrian Empire) and governed by mostly Hungarians.
From 1790 to 1848 and again from 1861 to 1867, Klausenburg was the capital of the Grand Principality of Transylvania (Siebenbürgen) within the Austrian Empire; the city was also the seat of the Transylvanian diets. Beginning in 1830, the city became the centre of the Hungarian national movement within the principality.
The Principality of Transylvania was established in 1570 when John II renounced his claim as King of Hungary in the Treaty of Speyer (ratified in 1571), [12] [22] and became a Transylvanian prince. [23] The treaty also recognized that the Principality of Transylvania belonged to the Kingdom of Hungary in the sense of public law. [24]
The Kreis system was also expanded to the Voivodeship of Serbia and Banat of Temeschwar [3] [4] (formerly part of southern Hungary) and the Grand Principality of Transylvania [5] in the course of these reforms. The statutory cities were also excluded from Kreis administration, much like they are excluded from the modern districts (Bezirke).
Principality of Transylvania may refer to: Principality of Transylvania (1570–1711) , a semi-independent state Principality of Transylvania (1711–1867) (from 1765 Grand Principality of Transylvania )
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Coat of arms of the Grand Principality of Transylvania (19th century). These are lists of political office-holders in Transylvania, from the 10th century, until 1867.. Count of the Székelys – royal officials appointed from the first half of the 13th century to the second half of the 15th century to lead the Székelys independently of the voivodes.
The flag and coat of arms of Transylvania were granted by Queen Maria Theresa in 1765, when she established a Grand Principality within the Habsburg monarchy. In 1596, Levinus Hulsius created a coat of arms for Transylvania, consisting of a shield with a rising eagle in the upper field and seven hills with towers on top in the lower field.