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Candida albicans is an opportunistic pathogenic yeast [5] that is a common member of the human gut flora. It can also survive outside the human body. It can also survive outside the human body. [ 6 ] [ 7 ] It is detected in the gastrointestinal tract and mouth in 40–60% of healthy adults.
Candida is located on most mucosal surfaces and mainly the gastrointestinal tract, along with the skin. [3] Candida albicans is one of the most commonly isolated species and can cause infections (candidiasis or thrush) in humans and other animals. In winemaking, some species of Candida can potentially spoil wines. [4]
Some investigators have theorized that the widespread use of Amphotericin B empiric antifungal therapy selects for infections with Candida lusitaniae. [ 5 ] The U.S. CDC has cautioned that the use of the teleomorph name Clavispora lusitaniae for the species can be misleading, because it does not "include the word Candida even though this ...
The yeast Candida albicans can live in people without producing symptoms, and is able to cause both superficial mild candidiasis in healthy people, such as oral thrush or vaginal yeast infection, and severe systemic candidiasis in those who cannot fight infection themselves.
Geotrichum candidum is also a frequent member of the human microbiome, notably associated with skin, sputum and feces where it occurs in 25-30% of specimens. [2] [3] The fungus can cause an infection known as geotrichosis, affecting the oral, bronchial, skin and bronchopulmonary epithelia. [2]
The Bristol stool scale is a medical aid designed to classify the form of human feces into seven categories. Sometimes referred to in the UK as the Meyers Scale, it was developed by K.W. Heaton at the University of Bristol and was first published in the Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology in 1997. [4]
Candidiasis is a fungal infection due to any species of the genus Candida (a yeast). [4] When it affects the mouth, in some countries it is commonly called thrush. [3] Signs and symptoms include white patches on the tongue or other areas of the mouth and throat. [3]
Candida tropicalis is a species of yeast in the genus Candida. It is a common pathogen in neutropenic hosts, in whom it may spread through the bloodstream to peripheral organs. [ 1 ] For invasive disease, treatments include amphotericin B , echinocandins , or extended-spectrum triazole antifungals .