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The late Romanesque tympanum of Vézelay Abbey, Burgundy, France, 1130s. A tympanum (pl.: tympana; from Greek and Latin words meaning "drum") is the semi-circular or triangular decorative wall surface over an entrance, door or window, which is bounded by a lintel and an arch. [1] It often contains pedimental sculpture or other imagery or ...
First attested in English in the late 19th century, the Italian word timpani derives from the Latin tympanum (pl. tympana), which is the latinisation of the Greek word τύμπανον (tumpanon, pl. tumpana), 'a hand drum', [3] which in turn derives from the verb τύπτω (tuptō), meaning 'to strike, to hit'. [4]
In ancient Greece and Rome, the tympanon (τύμπανον) or tympanum, was a type of frame drum or tambourine. It was circular, shallow, and beaten with the palm of the hand or a stick. Some representations show decorations or zill-like objects around the rim. The instrument was played by worshippers in the rites of Dionysus, Cybele, and ...
Tympanum (anatomy), a hearing organ/gland in frogs and toads, a flat red oval on both sides of a frog's head; Tympanum, in biology, the eardrum; Tympanum, or tympanal organ, a hearing organ in insects; Tympanum (hand drum), a percussion instrument in ancient Greece and Rome; Timpano, in music, singular of timpani, a kettledrum
Both Tympanum and Tambūr could be cognate with πανδοῦρα (pandoûra). [2] However, the tiompán is also thought to have been a kind of lyre, others contest it was a long-necked lute. [ 3 ] Medieval writings on the tiompan have listed it as distinguished from "nine-stringed cruits", and that the tiompan commonly had three strings.
The tympanum is an external hearing structure in animals such as mammals, birds, some reptiles, some amphibians and some insects. [ 1 ] Using sound, vertebrates and many insects are capable of sensing their prey, identifying and locating their predators, warning other individuals, and locating potential mates and rivals by hearing the ...
Pedimental sculpture is a form of architectural sculpture designed for installation in the tympanum, the space enclosed by the architectural element called the pediment. Originally a feature of Ancient Greek architecture , pedimental sculpture started as a means to decorate a pediment in its simplest form: a low triangle, like a gable , above ...
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