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The National Mental Health Programme (NMHP) was launched in India. 1983. The European Psychiatric Association was founded. [22] 1987. The Indian Mental Health Act was drafted by the parliament, but it came into effect in all the states andunion territories of India in April 1993. This act replaced the Indian Lunacy Act of 1912, which had ...
1942 – Carl Rogers published Counseling and Psychotherapy, suggesting that respect and a non-judgmental approach to therapy is the foundation for effective treatment of mental health issues. 1943 – Albert Hofmann writes his first report about the hallucinogenic properties of LSD, which he first synthesized in 1938.
Early glimpses of treatment of mental illness included dunking in cold water by Samuel Willard (physician), who reportedly established the first American hospital for mental illness. [2] [3] The history of treatment of mental disorders consists in a development through years mainly in both psychotherapy (Cognitive therapy, Behavior therapy ...
While the scientific community eventually came to reject all of these methods, academic psychologists also were not concerned with serious forms of mental illness. That area was already being addressed by the developing fields of psychiatry and neurology within the asylum movement and the use of moral therapy . [ 1 ]
Following the King's remission in 1789, mental illness came to be seen as something which could be treated and cured. [5] The introduction of moral treatment was initiated independently by the French doctor Philippe Pinel and the English Quaker William Tuke. [5] In 1792, Pinel became the chief physician at the Bicêtre Hospital.
Historically, mental disorders have had three major explanations, namely, the supernatural, biological and psychological models. [1] For much of recorded history, deviant behavior has been considered supernatural and a reflection of the battle between good and evil.
c. 50 – Aulus Cornelius Celsus died, leaving De Medicina, a medical encyclopedia; Book 3 covers mental diseases.The term insania, insanity, was first used by him. The methods of treatment included bleeding, frightening the patient, emetics, enemas, total darkness, and decoctions of poppy or henbane, and pleasant ones such as music therapy, travel, sport, reading aloud, and massage.
Desperate Remedies: Psychiatry's Turbulent Quest to Cure Mental Illness by sociologist Andrew Scull is a critical history of two hundred years of treatment of mental disorders in the United States. From the "birth of the asylum" in the 1830s to the drug trials and genetic studies of the 2000s, Scull catalogues efforts by psychoanalysts ...