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Orthostatic hypotension, also known as postural hypotension, [2] is a medical condition wherein a person's blood pressure drops when they are standing up (orthostasis) or sitting down. Primary orthostatic hypotension is also often referred to as neurogenic orthostatic hypotension. [ 3 ]
It was approved in the United States by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 1996 for the treatment of dysautonomia and orthostatic hypotension. [citation needed] In August 2010, the FDA proposed withdrawing this approval because the manufacturer, Shire plc, failed to complete required studies after the medicine reached the market.
Droxidopa was developed by Sumitomo Pharmaceuticals for the treatment of hypotension, including NOH, [7] and NOH associated with various disorders such as MSA, FAP, and PD, as well as IDH. The drug has been used in Japan and some surrounding Asian areas for these indications since 1989. [7]
Ampreloxetine (INN Tooltip International Nonproprietary Name, USAN Tooltip United States Adopted Name; developmental code name TD-9855) is a selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (NRI) which is under development for the treatment of symptomatic neurogenic orthostatic hypotension (NOH).
Pyridostigmine sometimes is used to treat orthostatic hypotension. [10] It may also be of benefit in chronic axonal polyneuropathy. [11] It is also being prescribed off-label for postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) as well as complications resulting from Ehlers–Danlos syndrome. [11] [12]
By reducing alpha-1-adrenergic activity of the blood vessels, these drugs may cause hypotension (low blood pressure) and interrupt the baroreflex response. In doing so, they may cause dizziness, lightheadedness, or fainting when rising from a lying or sitting posture (known as orthostatic hypotension or postural hypotension). For this reason ...