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In later years, Nida distanced himself from the term "dynamic equivalence" and preferred the term "functional equivalence". [ 2 ] [ 3 ] [ 4 ] What the term "functional equivalence" suggests is not just that the equivalence is between the function of the source text in the source culture and the function of the target text (translation) in the ...
Translational research (also called translation research, translational science, or, when the context is clear, simply translation) [1] [2] is research aimed at translating (converting) results in basic research into results that directly benefit humans. The term is used in science and technology, especially in biology and medical science.
In his 1998 book The Scandals of Translation: Towards an Ethics of Difference, Venuti states that "Domestication and foreignization deal with 'the question of how much a translation assimilates a foreign text to the translating language and culture, and how much it rather signals the differences of that text'".
For example, research utilizing this method has revealed that genetic differences and their subsequent expression as mRNAs can also impact translation rate in an RNA-specific manner. [ 21 ] Expanding on this concept, a more recent development is single-cell ribosome profiling, a technique that allows us to study the translation process at the ...
The adaptor hypothesis is a theoretical scheme in molecular biology to explain how information encoded in the nucleic acid sequences of messenger RNA (mRNA) is used to specify the amino acids that make up proteins during the process of translation.
The theory first appeared in an article published by linguist Hans Josef Vermeer in the German Journal Lebende Sprachen, 1978. [2]As a realisation of James Holmes’ map of Translation Studies (1972), [3] [4] skopos theory is the core of the four approaches of German functionalist translation theory [5] that emerged around the late twentieth century.
A rendition of the Vauquois triangle, illustrating the various approaches to the design of machine translation systems.. The direct, transfer-based machine translation and interlingual machine translation methods of machine translation all belong to RBMT but differ in the depth of analysis of the source language and the extent to which they attempt to reach a language-independent ...
Functional equivalence can refer to Dynamic and formal equivalence in biblical translation; Functional equivalence (ecology), a concept in community ecology;