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The relationship between modernization and democracy or democratization is one of the most researched studies in comparative politics. Many studies show that modernization has contributed to democracy in some countries. For example, Seymour Martin Lipset argued that modernization can turn into democracy. [19]
Modernization theory is the predominant explanation for the emergence of nationalism among scholars of nationalism. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] Prominent modernization scholars, such as Benedict Anderson , Ernest Gellner and Eric Hobsbawm , say nationalism arose with modernization during the late 18th century. [ 4 ]
Modern liberalism, often referred to simply as liberalism, is the dominant version of liberalism in the United States. It combines ideas of civil liberty and equality with support for social justice and a mixed economy. Modern liberalism is one of two major political ideologies in the United States, with the other being conservatism.
The modern gay rights movement began in 1970 with the Stonewall riots. A handful of states soon repealed their sodomy laws. [62] In 1980, the Democratic Party platform formally endorsed gay rights. [63] In the 1990s, popular culture began to depict acceptance of homosexuality among heterosexuals as the norm. [64]
Adam Przeworski and Fernando Limongi argue that while economic development makes democracies less likely to turn authoritarian, there is insufficient evidence to conclude that development causes democratization (turning an authoritarian state into a democracy). [75]
Barrington Moore Jr. (12 May 1913 – 16 October 2005) [1] was an American political sociologist, and the son of forester Barrington Moore. He is well-known for his Social Origins of Dictatorship and Democracy (1966), a comparative study of modernization in Britain, France, the United States, China, Japan, Russia, Germany, and India. [2]
Modernisation refers to a model of a progressive transition from a "pre-modern" or "traditional" to a "modern" society. [1]The theory particularly focuses on the internal factors of a country while assuming that, with assistance, traditional or pre-modern countries can be brought to development in the same manner which more developed countries have.
Political modernization (also spelled as political modernisation; [3] Chinese: 政治現代化), [4] refers to the process of development and evolution from a lower to a higher level, in which a country's constitutional system and political life moves from superstition of authority, autocracy and the rule of man to rationality, autonomy, democracy and the rule of law. [5]