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Viral pneumonia is a pneumonia caused by a virus.Pneumonia is an infection that causes inflammation in one or both lungs. The pulmonary alveoli fill with fluid or pus making it difficult to breathe. [1]
Necrotizing pneumonia (NP), also known as cavitary pneumonia or cavitatory necrosis, is a rare but severe complication of lung parenchymal infection. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] [ 7 ] In necrotizing pneumonia, there is a substantial liquefaction following death of the lung tissue, which may lead to gangrene formation in the lung.
It is a negative-strand RNA virus that is the second most common cause of lower respiratory infection in young children. Pneumoviruses are intermediate in size between viruses of the families Paramyxoviridae and Orthomyxoviridae. Cytoplasmic inclusions are considerably more dense than those of other viruses in the family.
Pneumonia is a common respiratory infection, [2] affecting approximately 450 million people a year and occurring in all parts of the world. [3] It is a major cause of death among all age groups, resulting in 1.4 million deaths in 2010 (7% of the world's yearly total) and 3.0 million deaths in 2016 (the 4th leading cause of death in the world).
A chest x-ray of a patient with severe viral pneumonia due to SARS. In adults, viruses account for about one third of pneumonia cases, [12] and in children for about 15% of them. [44] Commonly implicated agents include rhinoviruses, coronaviruses, influenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), adenovirus, and parainfluenza.
[13] [15] Pneumonia is also the leading cause of death in children less than five years of age in low income countries. [15] The most common cause of pneumonia is pneumococcal bacteria, Streptococcus pneumoniae accounts for 2/3 of bacteremic pneumonias. [16] Invasive pneumococcal pneumonia has a mortality rate of around 20%. [14]
Chlamydia pneumoniae [1] is a species of Chlamydia, an obligate intracellular bacterium [2] that infects humans and is a major cause of pneumonia.It was known as the Taiwan acute respiratory agent (TWAR) from the names of the two original isolates – Taiwan (TW-183) and an acute respiratory isolate designated AR-39. [3]
Viruses are classified by phenotypic characteristics, such as morphology, nucleic acid type, mode of replication, host organisms, and the type of disease they cause. The formal taxonomic classification of viruses is the responsibility of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) system, although the Baltimore classification ...
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