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OSPF runs over IPv4 and IPv6, but does not use a transport protocol such as UDP or TCP. It encapsulates its data directly in IP packets with protocol number 89 . This is in contrast to other routing protocols, such as the Routing Information Protocol (RIP) and the Border Gateway Protocol (BGP).
This is a list of the IP protocol numbers found in the field Protocol of the IPv4 header and the Next Header field of the IPv6 header. It is an identifier for the encapsulated protocol and determines the layout of the data that immediately follows the header. Both fields are eight bits wide.
A wildcard mask is a mask of bits that indicates which parts of an IP address are available for examination. In the Cisco IOS, [1] they are used in several places, for example:
The link-state advertisement (LSA) is a basic communication means of the OSPF routing protocol for the Internet Protocol (IP). It communicates the router's local routing topology to all other local routers in the same OSPF area.
Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) is encapsulated in IP, but runs only on the IPv4 subnet, while the IPv6 version runs on the link using only link-local addressing. IGRP, and EIGRP are directly encapsulated in IP. EIGRP uses its own reliable transmission mechanism, while IGRP assumed an unreliable transport.
In support of link-local multicasts which do not use IGMP, any IPv4 multicast address that falls within the *.0.0.0 / 24 and *.128.0.0 / 24 ranges will be broadcast to all ports on many Ethernet switches, even if IGMP snooping is enabled, so addresses within these ranges should be avoided on Ethernet networks where the functionality of IGMP ...
Examples of link-state routing protocols include Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) and Intermediate System to Intermediate System (IS-IS). [2] The link-state protocol is performed by every switching node in the network (i.e., nodes which are prepared to forward packets; in the Internet, these are called routers). [3]
With the functionality of the Unequal Path Cost Load Balancing on EIGRP, OSPF protocol is unable to design the network by Unequal Path Cost Load Balancing. Regarding the Unequal Path Cost Load Balancing function on industry usage, the network design can be flexible with the traffic management.