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About 10% of adults are carriers of the bacteria in their nasopharynx. [1] As an exclusively human pathogen, it causes developmental impairment and death in about 10% of cases. It causes the only form of bacterial meningitis known to occur epidemically, mainly in Africa and Asia. It occurs worldwide in both epidemic and endemic form.
"Bacterial meningitis is extremely serious," Dr. Juan Salazar, a pediatric infectious disease specialist and physician in chief at Connecticut Children's Medical Center, tells Yahoo Life. "These ...
In bacterial meningitis, bacteria reach the meninges by one of two main routes: through the bloodstream (hematogenous spread) or through direct contact between the meninges and either the nasal cavity or the skin. In most cases, meningitis follows invasion of the bloodstream by organisms that live on mucosal surfaces such as the nasal cavity ...
Meningococcal meningitis is a form of bacterial meningitis. Meningitis is a disease caused by inflammation and irritation of the meninges, the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord. In meningococcal meningitis this is caused by the bacteria invading the cerebrospinal fluid and circulating through the central nervous system. Sub ...
Haemophilus meningitis is a form of bacterial meningitis caused by the Haemophilus influenzae bacteria. It is usually (but not always) associated with Haemophilus influenzae type b. [ 1 ] Meningitis involves the inflammation of the protective membranes that cover the brain and spinal cord.
Neonatal meningitis is a serious medical condition in infants that is rapidly fatal if untreated.Meningitis, an inflammation of the meninges, the protective membranes of the central nervous system, is more common in the neonatal period (infants less than 44 days old) than any other time in life, and is an important cause of morbidity and mortality globally.
In 2012-2013, an outbreak of fungal meningitis in the United States linked to contaminated steroids designated for epidural spinal injections led to the development of meningitis in about 800 people and more than 100 deaths. [7] The most common bacterial causes of chronic meningitis include tuberculosis and treponema pallidum (neurosyphillis).
In healthy children under the age of 5, H. influenzae type b was responsible for more than 80% of aggressive infections, before the introduction of the [Hib] vaccine. [50] In infants and young children, H. influenzae type b (Hib) causes bacteremia, pneumonia, epiglottitis and acute bacterial meningitis. [51]
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