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Silent hypoxia (also known as happy hypoxia) [1] [2] is generalised hypoxia that does not coincide with shortness of breath. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] [ 5 ] This presentation is known to be a complication of COVID-19 , [ 6 ] [ 7 ] and is also known in walking pneumonia , [ 8 ] altitude sickness , [ 9 ] [ 10 ] [ 11 ] and rebreather diving .
Tissue hypoxia refers to low levels of oxygen in the tissues of the body and the term hypoxia is a general term for low levels of oxygen. [2] Hypoxemia is usually caused by pulmonary disease whereas tissue oxygenation requires additionally adequate circulation of blood and perfusion of tissue to meet metabolic demands.
Hypoxia is a condition in which the body or a region of the body is deprived of adequate oxygen supply at the tissue level. [1] Hypoxia may be classified as either generalized , affecting the whole body, or local , affecting a region of the body. [ 2 ]
ICD-10 is the 10th revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD), a medical classification list by the World Health Organization (WHO). It contains codes for diseases, signs and symptoms, abnormal findings, complaints, social circumstances, and external causes of injury or diseases. [1]
A systematic review update in 2022 demonstrated that pregnant women are at increased risk of severe COVID-19. It also found that risk factors for severe COVID-19 in pregnant people included high body mass index, being of an older age, being of non-white ethnic origin, having pre-existing comorbidities, having pre-eclampsia or gestational diabetes.
Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) is altered organ function in an acutely ill patient requiring immediate medical intervention. [1]There are different stages of organ dysfunction for certain different organs, both in acute and in chronic onset, whether or not there are one or more organs affected.
[1] [15] Hence, the WHO recommends that clinicians explicitly ask long COVID patients whether symptoms worsen with activity. [1] The 2-day Cardiopulmonary Exercise Test (CPET) may aid in documenting PEM, showing apparent abnormalities in the body's response to exercise. [17] Still, more research on developing a diagnostic test is needed.
Alveolar hypoventilation (decreased minute volume due to reduced respiratory muscle activity, e.g. in acute neuromuscular disease); this form can also cause type 2 respiratory failure if severe. Diffusion problem (oxygen cannot enter the capillaries due to parenchymal disease, e.g. in pneumonia or ARDS).