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The S-matrix is closely related to the transition probability amplitude in quantum mechanics and to cross sections of various interactions; the elements (individual numerical entries) in the S-matrix are known as scattering amplitudes. Poles of the S-matrix in the complex-energy plane are identified with bound states, virtual states or resonances.
The Scattering transfer parameters or T-parameters of a 2-port network are expressed by the T-parameter matrix and are closely related to the corresponding S-parameter matrix. However, unlike S parameters, there is no simple physical means to measure the T parameters in a system, sometimes referred to as Youla waves.
In S-matrix theory, the S-matrix relates the infinite past to the infinite future in one step, without being decomposable into intermediate steps corresponding to time-slices. This program was very influential in the 1960s, because it was a plausible substitute for quantum field theory , which was plagued with the zero interaction phenomenon at ...
Space vector modulation (SVM) is an algorithm for the control of pulse-width modulation (PWM), invented by Gerhard Pfaff, Alois Weschta, and Albert Wick in 1982. [1] [2] It is used for the creation of alternating current (AC) waveforms; most commonly to drive 3 phase AC powered motors at varying speeds from DC using multiple class-D amplifiers.
The most successful S-matrix approach centered on the narrow-resonance approximation, the idea that there is a consistent expansion starting from stable particles on straight-line Regge trajectories. After many false starts, Richard Dolen, David Horn , and Christoph Schmid understood a crucial property that led Gabriele Veneziano to formulate a ...
uBLAS is a C++ template class library that provides BLAS level 1, 2, 3 functionality for dense, packed and sparse matrices. Dlib: Davis E. King C++ 2006 19.24.2 / 05.2023 Free Boost C++ template library; binds to optimized BLAS such as the Intel MKL; Includes matrix decompositions, non-linear solvers, and machine learning tooling Eigen: Benoît ...
The transition amplitude is then given as the matrix element of the S-matrix between the initial and final states of the quantum system. Feynman used Ernst Stueckelberg's interpretation of the positron as if it were an electron moving backward in time. [3] Thus, antiparticles are represented as moving backward along the time axis in Feynman ...
Tuning a control loop is the adjustment of its control parameters (proportional band/gain, integral gain/reset, derivative gain/rate) to the optimum values for the desired control response. Stability (no unbounded oscillation) is a basic requirement, but beyond that, different systems have different behavior, different applications have ...