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Similarity is closely related to Bryne's social psychology model of interpersonal attraction (1961) which is determined by four variables: propinquity (how our environment and situation play a role in determining how often and to what degree we come in contact), need for affiliation, overt stimulus characteristics (refers to the observable ...
Similarity (geometry), the property of sharing the same shape; Matrix similarity, a relation between matrices; Similarity measure, a function that quantifies the similarity of two objects Cosine similarity, which uses the angle between vectors; String metric, also called string similarity; Semantic similarity, in computational linguistics
Argument from analogy is a special type of inductive argument, where perceived similarities are used as a basis to infer some further similarity that has not been observed yet. Analogical reasoning is one of the most common methods by which human beings try to understand the world and make decisions. [ 1 ]
The test statistic R is calculated in the following way: R = r B − r W M / 2 {\displaystyle R={\frac {r_{B}-r_{W}}{M/2}}} where r B is the average of rank similarities of pairs of samples (or replicates) originating from different sites, r W is the average of rank similarity of pairs among replicates within sites, and M = n ( n − 1)/2 where ...
The hypothesis is derived from the discipline of social psychology and was first proposed by American social psychologist Elaine Hatfield and her colleagues in 1966. [ 2 ] Successful couples of differing physical attractiveness may be together due to other matching variables that compensate for the difference in attractiveness. [ 3 ]
Mathematical psychology is an approach to psychological research that is based on mathematical modeling of perceptual, thought, cognitive and motor processes, and on the establishment of law-like rules that relate quantifiable stimulus characteristics with quantifiable behavior (in practice often constituted by task performance).
In statistics and related fields, a similarity measure or similarity function or similarity metric is a real-valued function that quantifies the similarity between two objects. Although no single definition of a similarity exists, usually such measures are in some sense the inverse of distance metrics : they take on large values for similar ...
The similarity is a function such that its value is greater when two points are closer (contrary to the distance, which is a measure of dissimilarity: the closer the points, the lesser the distance). The definition of the similarity can vary among authors, depending on which properties are desired. The basic common properties are Positive defined: