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  2. Archimedes' principle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archimedes'_principle

    In other words, for an object floating on a liquid surface (like a boat) or floating submerged in a fluid (like a submarine in water or dirigible in air) the weight of the displaced liquid equals the weight of the object. Thus, only in the special case of floating does the buoyant force acting on an object equal the objects weight.

  3. Surface tension - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surface_tension

    Surface tension is the tendency of liquid surfaces at rest to shrink into the minimum surface area possible. Surface tension is what allows objects with a higher density than water such as razor blades and insects (e.g. water striders) to float on a water surface without becoming even partly submerged.

  4. Cheerios effect - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cheerios_effect

    The effect is observed in small objects which are supported by the surface of a liquid. There are two types of such objects: objects which are sufficiently buoyant that they will always float on the surface (for example, Cheerios in milk), and objects which are heavy enough to sink when immersed, but not so heavy as to overcome the surface tension of the liquid (for example, steel pins on water).

  5. Buoyancy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buoyancy

    Buoyancy (/ ˈ b ɔɪ ən s i, ˈ b uː j ən s i /), [1] [2] or upthrust is a net upward force exerted by a fluid that opposes the weight of a partially or fully immersed object. In a column of fluid, pressure increases with depth as a result of the weight of the overlying fluid.

  6. Surface chemistry of paper - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surface_chemistry_of_paper

    This phenomenon is when ink is unable to transfer to the paper because of the water layer at the surface. The contact angle value for hydrocarbons on a rough pigment-coated paper can be found to be approximately 110° through a contact angle meter. The Young's equation can be used to calculate the surface energy of a liquid on paper. Young's ...

  7. Dilution (equation) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dilution_(equation)

    Dilution is the process of decreasing the concentration of a solute in a solution, usually simply by mixing with more solvent like adding more water to the solution. To dilute a solution means to add more solvent without the addition of more solute. The resulting solution is thoroughly mixed so as to ensure that all parts of the solution are ...

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  9. Meniscus (liquid) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meniscus_(liquid)

    When a tube of a narrow bore, often called a capillary tube, is dipped into a liquid and the liquid wets the tube (with zero contact angle), the liquid surface inside the tube forms a concave meniscus, which is a virtually spherical surface having the same radius, r, as the inside of the tube. The tube experiences a downward force of magnitude ...