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The hot spare disk reduces the mean time to recovery (MTTR) for the RAID redundancy group, thus reducing the probability of a second disk failure and the resultant data loss that would occur in any singly redundant RAID (e.g., RAID-1, RAID-5, RAID-10). Typically, a hot spare is available to replace a number of different disks and systems ...
RAID 5E, RAID 5EE, and RAID 6E (with the added E standing for Enhanced) generally refer to variants of RAID 5 or 6 with an integrated hot-spare drive, where the spare drive is an active part of the block rotation scheme. This spreads I/O across all drives, including the spare, thus reducing the load on each drive, increasing performance.
Those RAID systems made their way to the consumer market, for users wanting the fault-tolerance of RAID without investing in expensive SCSI drives. Fast consumer drives make it possible to build RAID systems at lower cost than with SCSI, but most ATA RAID controllers lack a dedicated buffer or high-performance XOR hardware for parity calculation.
Diagram of a RAID 1 setup. RAID 1 consists of an exact copy (or mirror) of a set of data on two or more disks; a classic RAID 1 mirrored pair contains two disks.This configuration offers no parity, striping, or spanning of disk space across multiple disks, since the data is mirrored on all disks belonging to the array, and the array can only be as big as the smallest member disk.
RAID (/ r eɪ d /; redundant array of inexpensive disks or redundant array of independent disks) [1] [2] is a data storage virtualization technology that combines multiple physical data storage components into one or more logical units for the purposes of data redundancy, performance improvement, or both.
Linux supports Matrix RAID and Rapid Storage Technology (RST) through device mapper, with dmraid tool, for RAID 0, 1 and 10. And Linux MD RAID, with mdadm tool, for RAID 0, 1, 10, and 5. Set up of the RAID volumes must be done by using the ROM option in the Matrix Storage Manager, then further configuration can be done in DM-RAID or MD-RAID. [10]
If no spares are available, the array will remain in degraded mode until a spare disk is added, or the array is reconfigured (if that is possible for the configuration in question). A typical case where a RAID enters degraded mode is a simple two-drive mirror after a power failure – it is unlikely the drives are in sync.
Hot swapping is the replacement or addition of components to a computer system without stopping, shutting down, or rebooting the system; [1] hot plugging describes the addition of components only. [2] Components which have such functionality are said to be hot-swappable or hot-pluggable; likewise, components which do not are cold-swappable or ...