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In science and engineering, root cause analysis (RCA) is a method of problem solving used for identifying the root causes of faults or problems. [1] It is widely used in IT operations, manufacturing, telecommunications, industrial process control, accident analysis (e.g., in aviation, [2] rail transport, or nuclear plants), medical diagnosis, the healthcare industry (e.g., for epidemiology ...
COBIT also defines a problem management process (DS10) with key activity of Perform root cause analysis. RPR is a superset of this step in that it defines a process that covers all of the activities needed to perform Problem investigation & diagnosis, including Root Cause identification.
FRACAS records the problems related to a product or process and their associated root causes and failure analyses to assist in identifying and implementing corrective actions. The FRACAS method [ 1 ] was developed by the US Govt. and first introduced for use by the US Navy and all department of defense agencies in 1985.
A root cause is the identification and investigation of the source of the problem where the person(s), system, process, or external factor is identified as the cause of the nonconformity. The root cause analysis can be done via 5 Whys or other methods, e.g. an Ishikawa diagram.
The design or process controls in a FMEA can be used in verifying the root cause and Permanent Corrective Action in an 8D. The FMEA and 8D should reconcile each failure and cause by cross documenting failure modes, problem statements and possible causes. Each FMEA can be used as a database of possible causes of failure as an 8D is developed.
Sample Ishikawa diagram shows the causes contributing to problem. The defect, or the problem to be solved, [1] is shown as the fish's head, facing to the right, with the causes extending to the left as fishbones; the ribs branch off the backbone for major causes, with sub-branches for root-causes, to as many levels as required.
Print/export Download as PDF; Printable version; ... This is also used in more general troubleshooting or root-cause analysis, such as with the Ishikawa diagram. [6]
Example of a worksheet for structured problem solving and continuous improvement. A3 problem solving is a structured problem-solving and continuous-improvement approach, first employed at Toyota and typically used by lean manufacturing practitioners. [1]