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[7] [3] When used by mouth or injection, side effects may include headache, nausea, and a change to the color of the skin for a brief period of time. [3] Allergic reactions may rarely occur. [3] Fluorescein is a dye which is taken up by damaged cornea such that the area appears green under cobalt blue light. [3]
Fluorescein can be introduced to a plant's veins through the roots or a cut stem. The dye is able to be taken up into the plant the same way as water and moves from the roots to the top of the plant due to a transpirational pull. [29] The fluorescein that has been taken up into the plant can be visualized under a fluorescent microscope.
The fluorescein dye also reappears in the patient urine, causing the urine to appear darker, and sometimes orange. [2] It can also cause discolouration of the saliva. Fluorescein angiography is one of several health care applications of this dye, all of which have a risk of severe adverse effects. See fluorescein safety in health care applications.
After five minutes, the patient is asked to open both eyes and look upward so the test strips may be removed. The Schirmer test score is determined by the length of the moistened area of the strips (using the scale packaged with the strips) The use of the anesthetic ensures that only basal tear secretion is being measured. [3]
Rose bengal (4,5,6,7-tetrachloro-2',4',5',7'-tetraiodofluorescein) is a stain. Rose bengal belongs to the class of organic compounds called xanthenes. [1] Its sodium salt is commonly used in eye drops to stain damaged conjunctival and corneal cells and thereby identify damage to the eye.
Diagnosis is often by slit lamp examination after fluorescein dye has been applied. [1] More significant injuries like a corneal ulcer, globe rupture, recurrent erosion syndrome, and a foreign body within the eye should be ruled out. [1] Prevention includes the use of eye protection. [1] Treatment is typically with antibiotic ointment. [1]
Calcein, also known as fluorexon, fluorescein complex, is a fluorescent dye with excitation and emission wavelengths of 495 and 515 nm, respectively, and has the appearance of orange crystals. Calcein self- quenches at concentrations above 70 mM and is commonly used as an indicator of lipid vesicle leakage.
The most common angiographic techniques were fluorescein (FA) or indocyanine green angiography (ICGA), which both involve the use of an injectable dye. Intravenous dye injection is time-consuming and can have adverse side effects.