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Trauma is the most common cause of loss of permanent incisors in childhood. Dental trauma often leads to complications such as pulpal necrosis, and it is nearly impossible to predict the long-term prognosis of the injured tooth; the injury often results in long-term restorative problems. [51] [52] [53]
Dental avulsion is a type of dental trauma, and the prevalence of dental trauma is estimated at 17.5% and varies with geographical area. [36] Although dental trauma is relatively low, dental avulsion is the fourth most prevalent type of dental trauma. [37] Dental avulsion is more prevalent in males than females.
According to Scottish Dental Clinical Effectiveness Programme (SDCEP) guidelines, when teeth have either over-erupted or drifted due to periodontal disease, it is recommended to check for fremitus or occlusal interference: [38] 1. Fremitus test. Allows the diagnosis of trauma caused by patient's occlusal forces.
In the United States, the American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry (AAPD) has published the following guidelines: [14] Guideline on Restorative Dentistry; Guideline on Pulp Therapy for Primary and Immature Permanent Teeth; Oral Health Policies & Recommendations (The Reference Manual of Pediatric Dentistry) [15]
Dental intrusion is an apical displacement of the tooth into the alveolar bone. This injury is accompanied by extensive damage to periodontal ligament , cementum , disruption of the neurovascular supply to the pulp, and communication or fracture of the alveolar socket.
Minimises trauma (related to dental anxiety); Biologically friendly approach; [33] As an introduction of dental care to young children, it is more acceptable than the conventional drill-and-fill method; [3] [17] [18] Is a patient-friendly approach for children, adults with dental anxiety or phobia, elderly and special-needs patients; [34] [35 ...
Enamel infractions are microcracks seen within the dental enamel of a tooth. [1] They are commonly the result of dental trauma to the brittle enamel, which remains adherent to the underlying dentine. They can be seen more clearly when transillumination is used. Enamel infractions are found more often in older teeth, as the accumulated trauma is
Trauma is believed to be the cause of ankylosis, causing cell death on the root surface. Ankylosis may happen once the injured surface area has reached more than 20%. [ citation needed ] Damage to the root surface area will trigger an inflammatory response , migration and repopulation of faster bone forming cells, instead of slower periodontal ...