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Follicular helper T cells (also known as T follicular helper cells and abbreviated as T FH), are antigen-experienced CD4 + T cells found in the periphery within B cell follicles of secondary lymphoid organs such as lymph nodes, spleen and Peyer's patches, and are identified by their constitutive expression of the B cell follicle homing receptor CXCR5. [1]
Seth Lederman at Columbia University generated a murine monoclonal antibody, 5c8 that inhibited contact-dependent T cell helper function in human cells which characterized the 32 kDa surface protein transiently expressed on CD4 + T cells. [16] Richard Armitage at Immunex cloned a cDNA encoding CD154 by screening an expression library with CD40 ...
T h 3 have been described both in mice and human as CD4 + FOXP3 − regulatory T cells. [2] T h 3 cells were first described in research focusing on oral tolerance in the experimental autoimmune encephalitis (EAE) mouse model and later described as CD4 + CD25 − FOXP3 − LAP + cells, that can be induced in the gut by oral antigen through T ...
T cells are one of the important types of white blood cells of the immune system and play a central role in the adaptive immune response. T cells can be distinguished from other lymphocytes by the presence of a T-cell receptor (TCR) on their cell surface. T cells are born from hematopoietic stem cells, [1] found in the bone marrow.
The latter case induces recognition by antigen-specific Th2 cells or Tfh cells, leading to activation of the B cell through binding of TCR to the MHC-antigen complex. It is followed by synthesis and presentation of CD40L (CD154) on the Th2 cell, which binds to CD40 on the B cell, thus the Th2 cell can co-stimulate the B cell. [11]
Although the specific composition of TLSs may vary, within the T cell compartment, the dominant subset of T cells is CD4 + T follicular helper (TFH) cells, but certain number of CD8 + cytotoxic T cells, CD4 + T helper 1 (TH1) cells, and regulatory T cells (Tregs) can also be found within the T cell zone. [25] The B cell zone contains two main ...
English: The function of TFH cells: A subset of naive T cells in the T cell zone are activated by antigen and migrate to the follicles where they differentiate into TFH cells which interact with and instruct Follicular B (Fo B) cells to undergo isotype switching, somatic hypermutation, and rapid cellular division to seed germinal centers (GC).
The majority of human naive T cells are produced very early in life when the thymus is large and functional. The subsequent decrease in naive T cell production due to involution of the thymus with age is compensated by so called "peripheral proliferation" or "homeostatic proliferation" of naive T cells which have emigrated from the thymus ...