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Food and agriculture nonprofits (FANOs) are an understudied player in food system sustainability and food waste management ([81]). FANOs play an essential role at every step of the food supply chain ([81]) including in creating or preventing food waste ). Food waste can be defined as edible food discarded by consumers.
Management techniques range from animal management and housing to the spread of pesticides and fertilizers in global agricultural practices, which can have major environmental impacts. Bad management practices include poorly managed animal feeding operations, overgrazing, plowing, fertilizer, and improper, excessive, or badly timed use of ...
A big part of waste management deals with municipal solid waste, which is created by industrial, commercial, and household activity. [4] Waste management practices are not the same across countries (developed and developing nations); regions (urban and rural areas), and residential and industrial sectors can all take different approaches. [5]
Pig waste also contributes to groundwater pollution in the forms of groundwater seepage and waste spray into neighboring areas with sprinklers. The contents in the spray and waste drift have been shown to cause mucosal irritation, [271] respiratory ailment, [272] increased stress, [273] decreased quality of life, [274] and higher blood pressure ...
The global blue water footprint of food waste is 250 km 3, the amount of water that flows annually through the Volga or three times Lake Geneva. [198] There are several factors that explain how food waste has increased globally in food systems. The main factor is population, because as population increases more food is being made, but most food ...
Remedial strategies include: more careful waste management, statutory control of overfishing by adoption of sustainable fishing practices and the use of environmentally sensitive and sustainable aquaculture and fish farming, reduction of fossil fuel emissions and restoration of coastal and other marine habitats. [11]
However, the links between food loss and waste reduction and food security are complex, and positive outcomes are not always certain. Reaching acceptable levels of food security and nutrition inevitably implies certain levels of food loss and waste. Maintaining buffers to ensure food stability requires a certain amount of food to be lost or wasted.
Transforming food waste to either food products, feed products, or converting it to or extracting food or feed ingredients is termed as food waste valorisation. Valorisation of food waste offers an economical and environmental opportunity, which can reduce the problems of its conventional disposal.