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[44] [45] According to Aristotle, Heraclitus was a dialetheist, or one who denies the law of noncontradiction (a law of thought or logical principle which states that something cannot be true and false at the same time). [46] [47] [ae] Also according to Aristotle, Heraclitus was a materialist. [48]
This famous aphorism used to characterize Heraclitus' thought comes from Simplicius, a Neoplatonist, and from Plato's Cratylus. The word rhei (ρέι, cf. rheology ) is the Greek word for "to stream"; according to Plato's Cratylus , it is related to the etymology of Rhea .
Heraclitus of Ephesus (c. 535 – c. 475 BC). Of the Ionians. Emphasized the mutability of the universe. Epicharmus of Kos (c. 530 – 450 BC). Comic playwright and moralist. Parmenides of Elea (c. 515 – 450 BC). Of the Eleatics. Reflected on the concept of Being. Anaxagoras of Clazomenae (c. 500 – 428 BC). Of the Ionians.
Aristotle considered ethics to be a practical rather than theoretical study, i.e., one aimed at becoming good and doing good rather than knowing for its own sake. He wrote several treatises on ethics, most notably including the Nicomachean Ethics. [139] Aristotle taught that virtue has to do with the proper function (ergon) of a thing. An eye ...
That is to say, when an object moves from point A to point B, a change is created, while the underlying law remains the same. Thus, a unity of opposites is present in the universe simultaneously containing difference and sameness. An aphorism of Heraclitus illustrates the idea as follows: The road up and the road down are the same thing.
Heraclitus considered fire as the most fundamental element. "All things are an interchange for fire, and fire for all things, just like goods for gold and gold for goods." [12] The following is an interpretation of Heraclitus's concepts into modern terms by Nicholas Rescher. "...reality is not a constellation of things at all, but one of processes.
Ion of Chios makes the earliest explicit allusion to the maxim in a fragment dating to the 5th century BC, though the philosopher Heraclitus, active towards the end of the previous century, may also have made reference to the maxim in his works. The principal meaning of the phrase in its original application was "know your limits" – either in ...
In Cratylus' eponymous Platonic dialogue, the character of Socrates states Heraclitus' claim that one cannot step twice into the same stream. [2] According to Aristotle, Cratylus went a step beyond his master's doctrine and proclaimed that it cannot even be done once.