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2. Ascites - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ascites

   Ascites (/ ə ˈ s aɪ t i z /; [5] Greek: ἀσκός, romanized: askos, meaning "bag" or "sac" [6]) is the abnormal build-up of fluid in the abdomen. [1] Technically, it is more than 25 ml of fluid in the peritoneal cavity, although volumes greater than one liter may occur. [4]

3. Heart failure - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heart_failure

   Right-sided heart failure is often caused by pulmonary heart disease (cor pulmonale), which is typically caused by issues with pulmonary circulation such as pulmonary hypertension or pulmonic stenosis. Physical examination may reveal pitting peripheral edema, ascites, liver enlargement, and spleen enlargement.

4. Hydrothorax - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrothorax

   This condition is most likely to develop secondary to congestive heart failure, following an increase in hydrostatic pressure within the lungs. More rarely, hydrothorax can develop in 10% of patients with ascites which is called hepatic hydrothorax. It is often difficult to manage in end-stage liver failure and often fails to respond to therapy.

5. Congestive hepatopathy - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congestive_hepatopathy

   Treatments for heart failure include medications, an intra-aortic balloon pump, a ventricular assist device, heart valve replacements, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (if the heart failure worsens suddenly and especially if an infection was the cause), an artificial heart, or a heart transplant (from a deceased human donor, or from a pig ...

6. Hepatic hydrothorax - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hepatic_hydrothorax

   To rule out heart-related causes of pleural effusion, an echocardiogram can be performed. Pleuroperitoneal communications are best detected by peritoneal scintigraphy. Hydrothorax without ascites has been reported to occur in as many as 20% of people with cirrhosis but is only detected in 7% of cases via CT scan and ultrasound. [4]

7. Serum-ascites albumin gradient - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serum-ascites_albumin_gradient

   The serum-ascites albumin gradient or gap (SAAG) is a calculation used in medicine to help determine the cause of ascites. [1] The SAAG may be a better discriminant than the older method of classifying ascites fluid as a transudate versus exudate. [2] The formula is as follows: SAAG = (serum albumin) − (albumin level of ascitic fluid).