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The economists Harry Dexter White (left) and John Maynard Keynes (right) at the Bretton Woods Conference in New Hampshire [27]. The WTO precursor, General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), was established by a multilateral treaty of 23 countries in 1947 after the end of World War II, in the wake of other new multilateral institutions dedicated to international economic cooperation—such ...
The GATT was the only multilateral instrument governing international trade from 1946 until the WTO was established on 1 January 1995. [9] Despite attempts in the mid-1950s and 1960s to create some form of institutional mechanism for international trade, the GATT continued to operate for almost half a century as a semi-institutionalized multilateral treaty regime on a provisional basis. [10]
1986-1994 - GATT negotiations culminate in the Marrakech Agreement that establishes the World Trade Organization (WTO). January 1, 1995 - The WTO comes into existence. May 1, 1995 - Renato Ruggiero becomes director-general for a 4-year term. December 9, 1996 – December 13, 1996 - The inaugural ministerial conference takes place in Singapore.
The original members of the World Trade Organization are the parties to the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) after ratifying the Uruguay Round Agreements, [1] and the European Communities. They obtained this status at the entry into force on 1 January 1995 or upon their date of ratification.
In May 2020, Director-General Azevedo announced that he would step down on 31 August 2020, a year before his mandate was due to expire. [7] On 17 August 2020, human rights organizations urged the member nations to reject the nomination of Saudi Arabia 's Mohammad Al-Tuwaijri , citing the country's poor human rights records .
In June 2020, Nigerian President Muhammadu Buhari nominated Okonjo-Iweala as the country’s candidate to be director-general of the World Trade Organization (WTO). [54] She later advanced to the election's final round and eventually competed with Yoo Myung-hee. Ahead of the vote, she received the backing of the European Union for her candidacy ...
The term "Warsaw Pact" commonly refers to both the treaty itself and its resultant military alliance, the Warsaw Treaty Organization [5] (WTO). [ f ] The Warsaw Pact was the military complement to the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (Comecon), the economic organization for the Eastern Bloc states.
The 1999 Seattle WTO protests, sometimes referred to as the Battle of Seattle, [1] were a series of anti-globalization protests surrounding the WTO Ministerial Conference of 1999, where members of the World Trade Organization (WTO) convened at the Washington State Convention and Trade Center in Seattle, Washington on November 30, 1999. The ...