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  2. Skeletal fluorosis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skeletal_fluorosis

    In some areas, skeletal fluorosis is endemic. While fluorosis is most severe and widespread in the world's two most populous countries – India and China – UNICEF estimates that "fluorosis is endemic in at least 25 countries across the globe. The total number of people affected is not known, but a conservative estimate would number in the ...

  3. Fluoride toxicity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluoride_toxicity

    Fluorosis becomes possible above this recommended dosage. As of 2015, the United States Health and Human Services Department recommends a maximum of 0.7 milligrams of fluoride per liter of water – updating and replacing the previous recommended range of 0.7 to 1.2 milligrams issued in 1962. The new recommended level is intended to reduce the ...

  4. Fluorosis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluorosis

    Fluorosis may refer to: Dental fluorosis , a disturbance of dental enamel caused by excessive exposure to high concentrations of fluoride during tooth development. Skeletal fluorosis , a bone disease caused by excessive accumulation of fluoride in the bones

  5. Water fluoridation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_fluoridation

    Fluoride can occur naturally in water in concentrations well above recommended levels, which can have several long-term adverse effects, including severe dental fluorosis, skeletal fluorosis, and weakened bones; water utilities in the developed world reduce fluoride levels to regulated maximum levels in regions where natural levels are high ...

  6. Fluoride therapy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluoride_therapy

    The use of fluoride supplements during the last six months of pregnancy has no significant impact on the incidence of fluorosis in children. [16] Optimal water fluoridation for the prevention of dental caries increases the prevalence of dental fluorosis by 4 to 5%. [13] The observed effects are mild to moderate, usually of minimal aesthetic ...

  7. Talk:Skeletal fluorosis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Skeletal_fluorosis

    Fluorosis is caused by building flouride anions into bone's mineral hydroxylapatite instead of OH- group. It means that hydroxyl anions are replaced by fluoride. I'm sorry I can't explain it more scientific because of my language skills. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 78.99.163.91 14:57, 25 January 2008 (UTC)

  8. Bone disease - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bone_disease

    This article about a disease of musculoskeletal and connective tissue is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

  9. Metabolic bone disease - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metabolic_bone_disease

    Metabolic bone disease is an abnormality of bones caused by a broad spectrum of disorders. Most commonly these disorders are caused by deficiencies of minerals such as calcium, phosphorus, magnesium or vitamin D leading to dramatic clinical disorders that are commonly reversible once the underlying defect has been treated.