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By the late 19th century, 70–90% of the urban populations of Europe and North America were infected with the Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and about 80% of those individuals who developed active TB died of it. [67] However, mortality rates began declining in the late 19th century throughout Europe and the United States. [67]
Sick and Tired of Being Sick and Tired Black Women's Health Activism in America, 1890-1950 (U Pennsylvania Press, 1995) Starr, Paul. The Social Transformation of American Medicine (Basic Books, 1982). very wide ranging history of American medicine. Teller, Michael . The Tuberculosis Movement : A Public Health Campaign in the Progressive Era (1988)
In the 18th and 19th century, tuberculosis had become epidemic in Europe, showing a seasonal pattern. [35] [36] Tuberculosis caused widespread public concern in the 19th and early 20th centuries as the disease became common among the urban poor. In 1815, one in four deaths in England was due to "consumption".
In the mid-19th century, the mortality caused by scarlet fever rose in England and Wales. [56] The major outbreak in England and Wales took place during 1825–1885 with high mortality marking this as remarkable. [53] There were several other notable outbreaks across Europe, South America, and the United States in the 19th century. [54]
Here he depicts the social aspect of the disease, and its relation with living conditions at the close of the 19th century. Late 1890s investigation into history of tuberculosis The Royal Commission on Tuberculosis (1896–1898), also known as the First Royal Commission on Tuberculosis , was an early investigation into the history of ...
The early Industrial Revolution, which lasted into the mid-19th century, was marked by shift in labor, from an outwork system of labor towards a factory system of labor. Throughout this period, much of the U.S. population remained in small scale agriculture. [22]
During this pre-WWII era, there are three big trends that operate separately, but sometimes affect each other in development and outcomes. First, a trend of urbanization (fueled by the Industrial Revolution) as well as greater global trade and migration leads to new challenges, including those in urban sanitation and infectious diseases/pandemics.
In his 1976 book Keywords: A Vocabulary of Culture and Society, Raymond Williams states in the entry for "Industry": "The idea of a new social order based on major industrial change was clear in Southey and Owen, between 1811 and 1818, and was implicit as early as Blake in the early 1790s and Wordsworth at the turn of the [19th] century." The ...