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An obligation is a course of action which someone is required to take, be it a legal obligation or a moral obligation. Obligations are constraints; they limit freedom. People who are under obligations may choose to freely act under obligations. Obligation exists when there is a choice to do what is morally good and what is morally unacceptable. [1]
Justinian first defines an obligation (obligatio) [6] in his Institutes, Book 3, section 13 as "a legal bond, with which we are bound by necessity of performing some act according to the laws of our State." [7] He further separates the law of obligations into contracts, delicts, quasi-contracts, and quasi-delicts.
There are some obligations to employees which an employer cannot pass on contractually to a third party. Notably, the responsibility for many Title VII provisions cannot be delegated. For example, an employer has a nondelegable duty of nondiscrimination, hire without regard to sex, and provide a nonhostile environment free of sexual harassment ...
An equitable obligation is a duty based on ethical or moral considerations. A constructive obligation is an obligation that is implied by a set of circumstances in a particular situation, as opposed to a contractually based obligation. The accounting equation relates assets, liabilities, and owner's equity: Assets = Liabilities + Owner's Equity
A solidary obligation, or an obligation in solidum, is a type of obligation in the civil law jurisprudence that allows either obligors to be bound together, each liable for the whole performance, or obligees to be bound together, all owed just a single performance and each entitled to the entirety of it. In general, solidarity of an obligation ...
Erga omnes obligations attach when there is a serious breach of peremptory norms of international law like those against piracy, genocide and wars of aggression. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] The concept was recognized in the International Court of Justice 's decision in the Barcelona Traction case [ 4 ] [( Belgium v Spain ) (Second Phase) ICJ Rep 1970 3 at ...
The woman provided some more info in the comments Text exchange about husband's ex and new baby, highlighting relationship dynamics and responsibility challenges.
Obligations have traditionally been divided into contracts, which are voluntarily undertaken and owed to a specific person or persons, and obligations in tort which are based on the wrongful infliction of harm to certain protected interests, primarily imposed by the law, and typically owed to a wider class of persons. Research in business and ...