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Equipotentiality refers to a psychological theory in both neuropsychology and behaviorism. Karl Spencer Lashley defined equipotentiality as "The apparent capacity of any intact part of a functional brain to carry out… the [memory] functions which are lost by the destruction of [other parts]". [ 1 ]
Localization theories can be dated as far back as Aristotle, but the man credited with the beginning concepts of field theory was Jean Pierre Flourens. [citation needed] Field theory is the concept that the brain acts as a single functional unit. He devised the first principle of mass action, stating,
Another debate arose about localization of function or functional specialization versus equipotentiality which played a significant role in the development in behavioral neuroscience. As a result of localization of function research, many famous people found within psychology have come to various different conclusions.
Currently, there are two major theories of the brain's cognitive function. The first is the theory of modularity. Stemming from phrenology, this theory supports functional specialization, suggesting the brain has different modules that are domain specific in function.
Neuropsychology is a branch of psychology concerned with how a person's cognition and behavior are related to the brain and the rest of the nervous system.Professionals in this branch of psychology focus on how injuries or illnesses of the brain affect cognitive and behavioral functions.
Sabbatini, R.M.E. Phrenology, The History of Brain Localization. Brain & Mind Magazine, March 1997. An excerpt was transcribed here by permission of the author. This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Flourens, Marie Jean Pierre". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 10 (11th ed.).
Cognitive neuroscience is a branch of both neuroscience and psychology, overlapping with disciplines such as behavioral neuroscience, cognitive psychology, physiological psychology and affective neuroscience. [4] [2] [3] Cognitive neuroscience relies upon theories in cognitive science coupled with evidence from neurobiology, and computational ...
This field of study has its historical roots in numerous disciplines including machine learning, experimental psychology and Bayesian statistics.As early as the 1860s, with the work of Hermann Helmholtz in experimental psychology, the brain's ability to extract perceptual information from sensory data was modeled in terms of probabilistic estimation.