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  2. Earthworks (engineering) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earthworks_(engineering)

    Heavy construction equipment is usually used due to the amounts of material to be moved — up to millions of cubic metres. Earthwork construction was revolutionized by the development of the scraper and other earth-moving machines such as the loader, the dump truck, the grader, the bulldozer, the backhoe, and the dragline excavator.

  3. Seismic analysis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seismic_analysis

    Seismic analysis is a subset of structural analysis and is the calculation of the response of a building (or nonbuilding) structure to earthquakes. It is part of the process of structural design, earthquake engineering or structural assessment and retrofit (see structural engineering) in regions where earthquakes are prevalent.

  4. Grading (earthworks) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grading_(earthworks)

    Section through railway track and foundation showing the sub-grade. Grading in civil engineering and landscape architectural construction is the work of ensuring a level base, or one with a specified slope, [1] for a construction work such as a foundation, the base course for a road or a railway, or landscape and garden improvements, or surface drainage.

  5. Engineering geology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Engineering_geology

    The background in geology provides the engineering geologist with an understanding of how the earth works, which is crucial minimizing earth related hazards. Most engineering geologists also have graduate degrees where they have gained specialized education and training in soil mechanics, rock mechanics, geotechnics, groundwater, hydrology, and ...

  6. Earth mover's distance - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earth_mover's_distance

    In computer science, the earth mover's distance (EMD) [1] is a measure of dissimilarity between two frequency distributions, densities, or measures, over a metric ...

  7. List of free geology software - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_free_geology_software

    dGB Earth Sciences GPL or custom Cross-platform: C++: Interfaces with GMT Modelgeo [21] General 3D mathematics with modelling and visualization of geoscience data ModelGeo AS Free for non-profit use Windows C++, TCL: Originally a petroleum geology program, reads all common geology and geophysics data formats ParaViewGeo [22]

  8. Earthquake engineering - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earthquake_engineering

    Design and construction are intimately related. To achieve a good workmanship, detailing of the members and their connections should be as simple as possible. As any construction in general, earthquake construction is a process that consists of the building, retrofitting or assembling of infrastructure given the construction materials available ...

  9. Slope stability analysis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slope_stability_analysis

    Successful design of the slope requires geological information and site characteristics, e.g. properties of soil/rock mass, slope geometry, groundwater conditions, alternation of materials by faulting, joint or discontinuity systems, movements and tension in joints, earthquake activity etc. [4] [5] The presence of water has a detrimental effect ...