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  2. Mesopotamia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesopotamia

    The art of Mesopotamia rivalled that of Ancient Egypt as the most grand, sophisticated and elaborate in western Eurasia, from the 4th millennium BC until the Persian Achaemenid Empire conquered the region in the 6th century BC. The main emphasis was on very durable, forms of sculpture in stone and clay.

  3. List of country-name etymologies - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_country-name...

    From the Kikuyu word Kirinyaga a contraction of Kirima nyaga "Ostrich mountain", so called because the dark shadows and snow-capped peak resemble the plumage of a male Ostrich. The neighbouring Kamba tribe do not have the "R" and "G" sound in their language and called it "Keinya" when acting as guides to a German explorer.

  4. Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thesaurus_Linguae_Aegyptiae

    The Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae is an online dictionary and text corpus of the Egyptian language developed by the Research Centre for Primary Sources of the Ancient World at the Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences and Humanities (BBAW) in Berlin, Germany. Intended to be a complete documentation of the Egyptian lexicon, it encompasses varied ...

  5. Civilization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civilization

    The ancient Sumerians of Mesopotamia were the oldest civilization in the world, beginning about 4000 BCE, here depicted around 2500 BCE, showing the different social roles in the Sumerian society of Ur. Ancient Egypt is an example of one of the first civilizations, building pyramids starting in the 3rd millennium BCE. [1]

  6. Akkadian language - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akkadian_language

    Awīl-um man. NOM šū 3SG. MASC šarrāq thief. ABSOLUTUS Awīl-um šū šarrāq man.NOM 3SG.MASC thief. ABSOLUTUS This man is a thief (2) šarrum king. NOM. RECTUS lā NEG šanān oppose. INF. ABSOLUTUS šarrum lā šanān king.NOM. RECTUS NEG oppose.INF. ABSOLUTUS The king who cannot be rivaled The status constructus is more common by far, and has a much wider range of applications. It is ...

  7. Transliteration of Ancient Egyptian - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transliteration_of_Ancient...

    As used for Egyptology, transliteration of Ancient Egyptian is the process of converting (or mapping) texts written as Egyptian language symbols to alphabetic symbols representing uniliteral hieroglyphs or their hieratic and demotic counterparts. This process facilitates the publication of texts where the inclusion of photographs or drawings of ...

  8. Egyptian hieroglyphs - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egyptian_hieroglyphs

    Egyptian hieroglyphic writing does not normally indicate vowels, unlike cuneiform, and for that reason has been labelled by some as an abjad, i.e., an alphabet without vowels. Thus, hieroglyphic writing representing a pintail duck is read in Egyptian as sꜣ, derived from the main consonants of the Egyptian word for this duck: 's', 'ꜣ' and 't'.

  9. Sumerian language - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumerian_language

    god gal-gal-g̃u-ene-ra great- REDUP - 1. POSS - PL. AN - DAT dig̃ir gal-gal-g̃u-ene-ra god great-REDUP-1.POSS-PL.AN-DAT "for my great gods" The possessive, plural and case markers are traditionally referred to as "suffixes", but have recently also been described as enclitics or postpositions. Gender The two genders have been variously called animate and inanimate, [143] human and non-human ...