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An erosion gully in Australia caused by rabbits, an unintended consequence of their introduction as game animals. In the social sciences, unintended consequences (sometimes unanticipated consequences or unforeseen consequences, more colloquially called knock-on effects) are outcomes of a purposeful action that are not intended or foreseen.
definition: is defined as metalanguage:= means "from now on, is defined to be another name for ." This is a statement in the metalanguage, not the object language. The notation may occasionally be seen in physics, meaning the same as :=.
There is no sharp cutoff between implicatures, which are part of the intentional meaning of an utterance, and unintended implications the addressee may draw. For example, there may be no consensus whether ?+> Peter wants me to buy Susan some chocolate to cheer her up. is an implicature of the above utterance.
Logical consequence (also entailment or logical implication) is a fundamental concept in logic which describes the relationship between statements that hold true when one statement logically follows from one or more statements.
The first implication suggests that S is a sufficient condition for N, while the second implication suggests that S is a necessary condition for N. This is expressed as " S is necessary and sufficient for N ", " S if and only if N ", or S ⇔ N {\displaystyle S\Leftrightarrow N} .
An implication A→B is simply a pair of sets A⊆M, B⊆M, where M is the set of attributes under consideration. A is the premise and B is the conclusion of the implication A→B . A set C respects the implication A→B when ¬(C⊆A) or C⊆B.
Material conditional (also material implication), a logical connective and binary truth function typically interpreted as "If p, then q" Material implication (rule of inference), a logical rule of replacement; Implicational propositional calculus, a version of classical propositional calculus that uses only the material conditional connective
Consider the formal sentence . For some natural number , =.. This is a single statement using existential quantification. It is roughly analogous to the informal sentence "Either =, or =, or =, or... and so on," but more precise, because it doesn't need us to infer the meaning of the phrase "and so on."