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Alizarin is the main ingredient for the manufacture of the madder lake pigments known to painters as rose madder and alizarin crimson. Alizarin in the most common usage of the term has a deep red color, but the term is also part of the name for several related non-red dyes, such as Alizarine Cyanine Green and Alizarine Brilliant Blue.
Rose madder (also known as madder) is a red paint made from the pigment madder lake, a traditional lake pigment extracted from the common madder plant Rubia tinctorum. Madder lake contains two organic red dyes : alizarin and purpurin .
Alizarin crimson is a shade of red that is biased slightly more towards purple than towards orange on the color wheel and has a blue undertone. It is named after the organic dye alizarin , found in the madder plant, and the related synthetic lake pigment alizarin crimson (PR83 in the Color Index).
Alizarin. One of the most important anthraquinone dyes of herbal origin is alizarin, which is extracted from the dyer's madder (Rubia tinctorum). Alizarin is the eponym for a number of structurally related dyes that use alizarin dyes (sometimes synonymous with anthraquinone dyes). It was the first natural dye for which an industrial synthesis ...
Madder is mentioned in the Talmud (e.g., tractate Sabbath 66b) where the madder plant is termed "puah" in Aramaic. Turkey red was a strong, very fast red dye for cotton obtained from madder root via a complicated multistep process involving "sumac and oak galls, calf's blood, sheep's dung, oil, soda, alum, and a solution of tin."
Alizarin crimson is a vivid red pigment, inclined slightly toward purple, which was most widely used as a dye. It came from the Rubia tinctorum plant, commonly known as Madder. It has been found on fabrics in ancient Egyptian tombs, and its production in Europe was encouraged by Charlemagne for the early European textile industry.
Madder root has been used for dying cloth at least since 1500 BC. [2] Purpurin and alizarin were isolated from the root by Pierre Robiquet and Colin, two French chemists, in 1826. They were identified as anthracene derivatives by Gräbe and Liebermann in 1868.
Skeins of yarn dyed with madder root, Rubia tinctorum. Rubia was an economically important source of a red pigment in many regions of Asia, Europe and Africa. [3] The genus name Rubia derives from the Latin ruber meaning "red". The plant's roots contain an anthracene compound called alizarin that gives its red colour to a textile dye known as ...