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Sustainability metrics and indices are measures of sustainability, using numbers to quantify environmental, social and economic aspects of the world. [1] There are multiple perspectives on how to measure sustainability as there is no universal standard. [ 2 ]
A follow-up study compared the performance of four SRI indices (Domini 400 Social Index, Calvert Social Index, Citizen's Index and Dow Jones Sustainability Indices US Index) with the S&P 500 index between 1990 and 2004 and found that returns on the SRI indices exceeded returns on S&P 500 even though they were not statistically significant. [86]
Recently, businesses and financial actors claiming sustainability have raised doubts. Greenwashing is a dishonest practice where financial market participants falsely claim sustainability, risking damage to their reputation and potential legal consequences. It can be achieved under different forms such as a mix of despicable environmental ...
The needs for sustainability measurement include improvement in the operations, benchmarking performances, tracking progress, and evaluating process, among others. [12] For the purposes of building sustainability indicators, frameworks can be developed and the steps are as follows: [13] Defining the system- A proper and definite system is ...
The Dow Jones Sustainability Indices (DJSI) launched in 1999, are a family of indices evaluating the sustainability performance of thousands of companies trading publicly, operated under a strategic partnership between S&P Dow Jones Indices and RobecoSAM (Sustainable Asset Management) [1] of the S&P Dow Jones Indices. They are the longest ...
Indeed, as public opinion increasingly values these initiatives, companies tend to perceive CSR more as a competitive advantage, putting aside ethical reasons. [56] Some opportunistic companies can therefore contribute to discrediting the effort by prioritizing their own interests over transparency objectives.
The number of Sustainability Standards has continued to grow; currently, there are around 264 active VSS (according to the International Trade Center Standards Map) in 194 countries and 15 sectors, [5] and about 457 ecolabels (according to Ecolabel Index) in 199 countries, and 25 industry sectors. [6] [7]
The Sustainable Society Index (SSI) shows the level of sustainability of 213 assessed countries. It shows in a simple way the distance to full sustainability for each of the 21 indicators that build up the SSI. [ 1 ]