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Parascaris equorum is a species of ascarid that is the equine roundworm. Amongst horse owners, the parasites are colloquially called "Ascarids". This is a host-specific helminth intestinal parasite that can infect horses, donkeys, and zebras. Horses up to six months of age are the most susceptible to infection.
Halicephalobus gingivalis is a free-living saprophagous nematode species identified and named in 1954 by Stefanski. It is a facultative parasite of horses, invading the nasal cavity, and sometimes numerous other areas, where it produces granulomatous masses.
Signs and symptoms of hookworm infection vary by host and hookworm species. In humans, the first sign of infection is itching and skin rash. Humans with light infections may show no symptoms, but humans with heavy infections may have abdominal pain, diarrhea, loss of appetite, weight loss, fatigue and anemia.
Albendazole is a broad-spectrum antihelmintic and antiprotozoal agent of the benzimidazole type. [3] It is used for the treatment of a variety of intestinal parasite infections, including ascariasis, pinworm infection, hookworm infection, trichuriasis, strongyloidiasis, taeniasis, clonorchiasis, opisthorchiasis, cutaneous larva migrans, giardiasis, and gnathostomiasis, among other diseases.
A number of such organisms are currently being investigated for their use as treatment, including: Trichuris suis ova, [6] [7] commonly known as pig whipworm eggs; Necator americanus, [8] commonly known as hookworms; Trichuris trichiura ova, [9] commonly referred to as human whipworm eggs; and Hymenolepis diminuta, commonly known as rat tapeworm.
Ascaris and hookworm eggs become infective as they develop into larvae in soil. Infection occurs when vegetables and fruits, contaminated with soil-infested eggs, are consumed; or when hands or fingers have been contaminated with dirt carrying the eggs are put in the mouth. On the other hand, hookworm eggs are not directly infective.
Hookworm infection is an infection by a type of intestinal parasite known as a hookworm. [ 1 ] [ 5 ] Initially, itching and a rash may occur at the site of infection. Those only affected by a few worms may show no symptoms.
Pyrantel is a medication used to treat a number of parasitic worm infections. [2] This includes ascariasis, hookworm infections, enterobiasis (pinworm infection), trichostrongyliasis, and trichinellosis. [2] It is taken by mouth. [2] Side effects include nausea, headache, dizziness, trouble sleeping, and rash. [2]