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Calendula officinalis, the pot marigold, common marigold, ruddles, Mary's gold or Scotch marigold, [2] is a flowering plant in the daisy family, Asteraceae. It is probably native to southern Europe, but its long history of cultivation makes its precise origin unknown, and it is widely naturalised .
Calendula (/ k ə ˈ l ɛ n dj uː l ə /) [2] is a genus of about 15–20 species [3] of annual and perennial herbaceous plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae that are often known as marigolds. [ 4 ] : 771 They are native to Europe, North Africa, Macaronesia and West Asia , and have their center of diversity in the Mediterranean Region . [ 5 ]
Tagetes patula, the French marigold, [3] [4] is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae, native to Mexico and Guatemala with several naturalised populations in many other countries. It is widely cultivated as an easily grown bedding plant with hundreds of cultivars, which often have bright yellow to orange flowers.
Tagetes (/ t æ ˈ dʒ iː t iː z /) is a genus [3] of 50 species of annual or perennial, mostly herbaceous plants in the family Asteraceae. They are among several groups of plants known in English as marigolds. The genus Tagetes was described by Carl Linnaeus in 1753. [4] [5]
Tagetes erecta, the Aztec marigold, Mexican marigold, big marigold, cempaxochitl or cempasúchil, [2] [3] is a species of flowering plant in the genus Tagetes native to Mexico and Guatemala. [4] Despite being native to the Americas, it is often called the African marigold .
Common marigold, Calendula officinalis (also called pot marigold, ruddles, or Scotch marigold) In the genus Tagetes: African marigold or Aztec marigold, Tagetes erecta; French marigold, Tagetes patula; Mexican marigold, Tagetes lucida; Signet marigold, Tagetes tenuifolia; Cape marigold (disambiguation), referring to several species
Tagetes minuta has been eaten in various forms since pre-Columbian times. [3] Dried leaves may be used as a seasoning and huacatay paste is used to make the popular Peruvian potato dish called ocopa. An herbal tea can be brewed from the leaves. An extraction of the plant, "Marigold oil", is used in the perfume, tobacco, and soft drink industry. [3]
The leaves are 4–8 cm (1 + 1 ⁄ 2 – 3 + 1 ⁄ 4 in) long. [6] The many tall, naked stems are each topped with a bright yellow daisy-like flower head about 4–5 cm (1 + 1 ⁄ 2 –2 in) wide, with 25–50 ray florets. [3] [6] It blooms from April to October. [6] The seed-like fruit is whitish, with no scales or bristles at the tip. [6]