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Megasporogenesis, formation of the megaspores in the megasporangium (nucellus) by meiosis; Megagametogenesis; development of the megaspore(s) into the megagametophyte(s) which contains the gametes. [2] In gymnosperms and most flowering plants, only one of the four megaspores is functional at maturity, and the other three soon degenerate.
A sporangium (from Late Latin, from Ancient Greek σπορά (sporá) 'seed' and ἀγγεῖον (angeîon) 'vessel'); pl.: sporangia) [1] is an enclosure in which spores are formed. [2]
Megaspores, also called macrospores, are a type of spore that is present in heterosporous plants. These plants have two spore types, megaspores and microspores. Generally speaking, the megaspore, or large spore, germinates into a female gametophyte, which produces egg cells.
Megagametogenesis is the process of maturation of the female gametophyte, or megagametophyte, in plants. [1] During the process of megagametogenesis, the megaspore, which arises from megasporogenesis, develops into the embryonic sac, in which the female gamete is housed. [2]
Chromatophores are color pigment changing cells that are directly stimulated by central motor neurons. They are primarily used for quick environmental adaptation for camouflaging. The process of changing the color pigment of their skin relies on a single highly developed chromatophore cell and many muscles, nerves, glial and sheath cells.
Recently, the gene responsible for the melanophore-specific golden zebrafish strain, Slc24a5, was shown to have a human equivalent that strongly correlates with skin colour. [37] Chromatophores are also used as a biomarker of blindness in cold-blooded species, as animals with certain visual defects fail to background adapt to light environments ...
The colour centre is a region in the brain primarily responsible for visual perception and cortical processing of colour signals received by the eye, which ultimately results in colour vision.
They are also known as rosette forms, some of the many conditions that result from very short internodes (i.e. close distances between nodes on the plant stem. See also radical, where leaves arise apparently without stems. Acid plant – plants with acid saps, normally due to the production of ammonium salts (malic and oxalic acid)