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Latvia is bordered to the north by Estonia (343 km), to the south by Lithuania (588 km), and to the east both by Belarus (141 km) and the Russian Federation (276 km). Across the Baltic Sea to the west lies Sweden. The territory of Latvia covers 64,589 km 2 and is influenced by a temperate seasonal climate.
About 10% of Latvian territory consists of peat bogs, swamps, and marshes, some of which are covered by stunted forest growth. [3] Forests are the outstanding feature of Latvia, claiming 42% of the territory. [3] Over the past 100 years the amount of forest territories in Latvia has doubled, and the process is still ongoing. [4]
Most of Latvia's territory is less than 100 m (330 ft) above sea level. Its largest lake, Lubāns , has an area of 80.7 km 2 (31.2 sq mi), its deepest lake, Drīdzis , is 65.1 m (214 ft) deep. The longest river on Latvian territory is the Gauja , at 452 km (281 mi) in length.
Territorial changes of the Baltic states refers to the redrawing of borders of Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia after 1940. The three republics, formerly autonomous regions within the former Russian Empire and before that of former Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and as provinces of the Swedish Empire, gained independence in the aftermath of World War I and the Russian Revolution of 1917.
The history of Latvia began around 9000 BC with the end of the last glacial period in northern Europe. Ancient Baltic peoples arrived in the area during the second millennium BC, and four distinct tribal realms in Latvia's territory were identifiable towards the end of the first
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The flag of Latvia The coat of arms of Latvia. Latvia (/ ˈ l æ t v i ə / ⓘ LAT-vee-ə, sometimes / ˈ l ɑː t v i ə / LAHT-vee-ə; Latvian: Latvija ⓘ), officially the Republic of Latvia, is a country in the Baltic region of Northern Europe. It is one of the three Baltic states, along with Estonia to the north and Lithuania to the south.
This is a list of islands of Latvia. There are over 40 islands (sala in Latvian) in Latvia (none of them in the Baltic Sea and all of them in rivers/lakes of the Latvian territory), including the following: [ 1 ]