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The absurdity of the idea of a pro forma session was recently exposed by Reps. Andy Harris (R-Md.) and Bob Good (R-Va.), leaders of the House Freedom Caucus. ... They took to the House floor ...
During his first term, Congress used "pro forma" sessions, or brief sessions of the Senate or House during which business is not usually conducted, to prevent him from making recess appointments.
Rather than formally adjourning when it wants to leave town, the Senate now typically holds occasional "pro forma" sessions in which a single lawmaker briefly wields the gavel but no work is done ...
Both the House and Senate continued to hold pro forma sessions. [8] In August 2017, nine pro forma sessions were set up to block President Donald Trump from making recess appointments; the concern was that Trump might dismiss Attorney General Jeff Sessions, and try to name his successor while Congress was in recess. [9]
The term pro forma (Latin for "as a matter of form" or "for the sake of form") is most often used to describe a practice or document that is provided as a courtesy or satisfies minimum requirements, conforms to a norm or doctrine, tends to be performed perfunctorily or is considered a formality.
In practice, Congress has usually provided for its existing session to resume after a recess spanning the election. (In 1954, only the Senate returned in this way, while the House adjourned sine die.) In 1940, 1942, and 2002, Congress continued meeting, sometimes in pro forma sessions every third day, until well after the election.
During Trump's first term, the Republican president became frustrated with Congress, claiming that "pro forma" sessions, or brief sessions of the Senate or House during which business is not ...
National Labor Relations Board v. Noel Canning, 573 U.S. 513 (2014), was a United States Supreme Court case in which the Court unanimously ruled that the President of the United States cannot use their authority under the Recess Appointment Clause of the United States Constitution to appoint public officials unless the United States Senate is in recess and not able to transact Senate business.