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The radiotelephony message PAN-PAN is the international standard urgency signal that someone aboard a boat, ship, aircraft, or other vehicle uses to declare that they need help and that the situation is urgent, [1] [2] [3] but for the time being, does not pose an immediate danger to anyone's life or to the vessel itself. [4]
The first US ship to send a wireless distress call in 1905 simply sent HELP (in both International Morse and American Morse code). [3]: 218 On 7 December 1903, Ludwig Arnson was a wireless operator aboard the liner SS Kroonland when the ship lost a propeller off the Irish coast. His call of CQD brought aid from a British cruiser.
A Distress DSC call is called an Alert. Urgency, Safety and Routine are called Announcements. Class A VHFs, used on commercial ships, have the ability to send distress, distress relay, all ships urgency, all ships safety, individual, group, geographic area and telephone alerts/announcements on DSC channel 70 (Digital channel reserved for DSC ...
A Mayday message consists of the word "mayday" spoken three times in succession, which is the distress signal, followed by the distress message, which should include: Name of the vessel or ship in distress; Its position (actual, last known, or estimated expressed in lat/long or in distance/bearing from a specific location)
DSC is primarily intended to initiate ship-to-ship, ship-to-shore and shore-to-ship radiotelephone and MF/HF radiotelex calls. DSC calls can also be made to individual stations, groups of stations, or "all stations" in one's radio range. Each DSC-equipped ship, shore station and group is assigned a unique 9-digit Maritime Mobile Service Identity.
The code also covers procedural aspects (how to initiate a call, the format of a message, how to format date and time, etc.), how naval ships (which usually use their own codes) indicate that they are using the ICS (by flying the code pennant), use in radiotelephony (use of the spoken word "Interco"), and various other matters (such as how an ...
Message precedence is an indicator attached to a message indicating its level of urgency, and used in the exchange of radiograms in radiotelegraph and radiotelephony procedures. Email header fields can also provide a precedence flag.
Navigation and location of the ship by means of the analysis of the data provided by accelerometers and/or gyroscopes located on board, which integrate the accelerations experienced in complex electronic systems, that converted into velocities (in the 3 possible axes of displacement) and according to the observed courses, make it possible to ...