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It is a small to medium-sized deciduous tree, reaching 6–9 m (20–30 ft) tall and 5–6 m (16–20 ft) wide, with a trunk up to 70 cm (28 in) in circumference. [5] The bark is smooth, shiny orange-red, peeling in thin, papery layers; it may become fissured in old trees. The shoots are densely downy at first, this wearing off by the second or ...
Trees up to 30 m (98 ft) tall have been found growing in the southern Appalachians, with the largest found on the western slopes of the Great Smoky Mountains. Its foliage is thin, [ 5 ] with leaves 4–11 cm ( 1 + 1 ⁄ 2 – 4 + 1 ⁄ 4 in) long and 1–4.5 cm ( 3 ⁄ 8 – 1 + 3 ⁄ 4 in) wide.
The trunk is usually about 60 centimetres (24 inches) thick. [4] The thin bark is a rich orange-red, and when mature naturally peels away in thin sheets, leaving a greenish, silvery appearance that has a smooth satin sheen. [5] Older trunks are gray-brown near the base. [4] Individual trees can live for over 300 years. [4]
2. Identify the branch bark ridge (raised strip of bark at the top of the branch union or crotch that sits above the branch itself connecting to the trunk of the plant. 3. Mark a point outside both the branch bark ridge and the branch collar, mark a line angling down away following the angle of the branch collar. 4.
The trunk consists of five main parts: The outer bark, inner bark , cambium, sapwood (live xylem), and heartwood (dead xylem). [2] From the outside of the tree working in: The first layer is the outer bark; this is the protective outermost layer of the trunk. Under this is the inner bark which is called the phloem. The phloem is how the tree ...
Torminalis glaberrima is a medium-sized deciduous tree growing to 15–25 metres (49–82 feet) tall, with a trunk up to 1.3 m (4 + 1 ⁄ 2 ft) in diameter. The bark is smooth and grayish, but flaky, peeling away in squarish plates to reveal darker brown layers.
Betula lenta is a medium-sized deciduous tree reaching 30 metres (98 ft) tall, exceptionally to 35 m (115 ft) [2] with a trunk up to 60 cm (2 ft) diameter. Heights of 15 m (50 ft) to 24 m (80 ft) are more typical. In younger trees the bark is characteristic of most birches, with smooth bark and distinct horizontal lenticels.
The root bark of Sitka spruce trees is used in Native Alaskan basket-weaving designs [23] and for rain hats. The pitch was used for caulking, chewing, and its medicinal properties. [13] Native Americans heated and plied the roots to make cord. [4] The resin was used as glue and for waterproofing. [4]