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The hijacking of the train was organized by train driver Jaroslav Konvalinka, train dispatcher Karel Truksa, Jaroslav Švec, a physician, and Karel Ruml, who later described his experience in the book Z deníku vlaku svobody (From the Diary of the Freedom Train). [4] Karel Ruml had been active in the anti-communist resistance movement since 1949.
The Leica Freedom Train was a rescue effort in which hundreds of Jews were smuggled out of Nazi Germany before the Holocaust by Ernst Leitz II of the Leica Camera company, and his daughter Elsie Kuehn-Leitz.
A second freedom train, the American Freedom Train, toured the country in 1975–76 to commemorate the United States Bicentennial. [31] The 26-car train was powered by 3 newly restored steam locomotives. [32] The first to pull the train was the former Reading Company T-1 class 4-8-4 #2101.
David J. Garrow of Homerton College, Cambridge University, described the book as "excellent", [8] as well as "authoritative, perceptive, and well-written", citing how the author accomplished a "superb job of" explaining the developments, as well as "capturing the striking diversity of the later groups of Freedom Riders."
March 1–March 8 – the train receives a complete overhaul, including a new coat of paint, at the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway shops in San Bernardino. March 9 – Riverside, California March 10 – Bakersfield, California
In 1982 the New York graffiti writer Midg produced the Caine 1 Free for Eternity top-to-bottom whole car, an image of which was later used as an epitaph in the book Subway Art. [ 23 ] [ 24 ] In 2010 the memorial was reimagined using a Shakespearean quote and painted as a mural as part of the Subway Art History Project.
In February 1868, construction on the line began, and after it was completed, the first train operated on July 14, 1869. [2] [3] [4] The trackage was originally broad-gauge (6 feet (1,800 mm), for compatibility with the Albany and Susquehanna. [5] In May 1876, all 16 miles (26 km) of the trackage was converted to standard-gauge (4 feet (48 in). [6]
The Freedom Train was a graffiti mural painted on a New York City Subway train of R36s on July 3, 1976. The artwork was intended to commemorate the United States Bicentennial , but it was prevented from being seen in public by the New York City Transit Authority who removed the train from public service. [ 1 ]