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The hydrophobic effect is the observed tendency of nonpolar substances to aggregate in an aqueous solution and to be excluded by water. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The word hydrophobic literally means "water-fearing", and it describes the segregation of water and nonpolar substances, which maximizes the entropy of water and minimizes the area of contact ...
Water on hydrophobic surfaces will exhibit a high contact angle. Examples of hydrophobic molecules include the alkanes, oils, fats, and greasy substances in general. Hydrophobic materials are used for oil removal from water, the management of oil spills, and chemical separation processes to remove non-polar substances from polar compounds. [2]
To maintain a hydrophobic surface, the head groups bind closely to the surface, while the hydrophobic micelles stretch far away from the surface. By varying the amount of SAM you coat on a substrate, one could vary the degree of hydrophobicity. Particular superhydrophobic SAMs have a hydrophobic head group binding to the substrate.
Silanization mechanisms vary with substrate and with silanization reagent. In the usual circumstance, surface MOH groups react as nucleophiles with silyl chlorides or silyl alkoxides. The stoichiometry for these reactions are shown: M−OH + R 3 SiCl → M−OSiR 3 + HCl M−OH + R 3 SiOCH 3 → M−OSiR 3 + CH 3 OH
Such molecules comprise a hydrophilic (literally 'water-loving') head-group (which may be ionic or non-ionic) attached to a hydrophobic ('water-hating') group. The micro-phase segregation of two incompatible components on a nanometer scale results in different type of solvent-induced extended anisotropic [ 3 ] arrangement, depending on the ...
The New York Times noted there is a racial dynamic to many reaction videos which involve younger, Black listeners responding positively to music by older, white musicians. [9] [10] Some YouTube channels doing music reaction videos have become very successful, with major music labels reaching out to channels to promote their artists. [8]
The powder is also highly hydrophobic; if the surface of a cup of water is coated with lycopodium powder, a finger or other object inserted straight into the cup will come out dusted with the powder but remain completely dry. Because of the very small size of its particles, lycopodium powder can be used to demonstrate Brownian motion. A ...
The ouzo effect during the preparation of absinthe. The ouzo effect (/ ˈ uː z oʊ / OO-zoh), also known as the louche effect (/ l uː ʃ / LOOSH) and spontaneous emulsification, is the phenomenon of formation of a milky oil-in-water emulsion when water is added to ouzo and other anise-flavored liqueurs and spirits, such as pastis, rakı, arak, sambuca and absinthe.