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And that is actually the same as subtracting 7×10 n (clearly a multiple of 7) from 10×10 n. Similarly, when you turn a 3 into a 2 in the following decimal position, you are turning 30×10 n into 2×10 n, which is the same as subtracting 30×10 n −28×10 n, and this is again subtracting a multiple of 7. The same reason applies for all the ...
One says also that a divides b. If a and b are not integers, mathematicians prefer generally to use integer multiple instead of multiple, for clarification. In fact, multiple is used for other kinds of product; for example, a polynomial p is a multiple of another polynomial q if there exists third polynomial r such that p = qr.
For example, 10 is a multiple of 5 because 5 × 2 = 10, so 10 is divisible by 5 and 2. Because 10 is the smallest positive integer that is divisible by both 5 and 2, it is the least common multiple of 5 and 2. By the same principle, 10 is the least common multiple of −5 and −2 as well.
Two numbers are "within an order of magnitude" of each other if their ratio is between 1/10 and 10. In other words, the two numbers are within about a factor of 10 of each other. [1] For example, 1 and 1.02 are within an order of magnitude. So are 1 and 2, 1 and 9, or 1 and 0.2.
The 2-order or 2-adic order is simply a special case of the p-adic order at a general prime number p; see p-adic number for more on this broad area of mathematics. Many of the following definitions generalize directly to other primes. For an integer n, the 2-order of n (also called valuation) is the largest natural number ν such that 2 ν ...
The elements 2 and 1 + √ −3 are two maximal common divisors (that is, any common divisor which is a multiple of 2 is associated to 2, the same holds for 1 + √ −3, but they are not associated, so there is no greatest common divisor of a and b.
G(3) is at least 4 (since cubes are congruent to 0, 1 or −1 mod 9); for numbers less than 1.3 × 10 9, 1 290 740 is the last to require 6 cubes, and the number of numbers between N and 2N requiring 5 cubes drops off with increasing N at sufficient speed to have people believe that G(3) = 4; [17] the largest number now known not to be a sum of ...
Modulo 2 there is only one coprime congruence class ... the least common multiple of the orders in the ... 2 12 C 2 ×C 2: 4: 2: 5, 7 44 C 2 ×C 10: 20: 10: 3, 43 76 ...