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Portal hypertensive gastropathy refers to changes in the mucosa of the stomach in patients with portal hypertension; by far the most common cause of this is cirrhosis of the liver. These changes in the mucosa include friability of the mucosa and the presence of ectatic blood vessels at the surface.
Cirrhosis, also known as liver cirrhosis or hepatic cirrhosis, chronic liver failure or chronic hepatic failure and end-stage liver disease, is an acute condition of the liver in which the normal functioning tissue, or parenchyma, is replaced with scar tissue and regenerative nodules as a result of chronic liver disease.
Here are the most common causes of abdominal distension classified as an underlying cause and as a secondary disease. As an underlying disease cause: Constipation; Lactose intolerance and other food intolerances; Overeating (due to overproduction of gases in the digestion process) As a secondary disease cause: Celiac disease
Chronic liver disease, such as cirrhosis, may be a cause of liver failure, a state where the liver is unable to compensate for chronic damage, and unable to meet the metabolic demands of the body. In the acute setting, this may be a cause of hepatic encephalopathy and hepatorenal syndrome.
Liver failure is the inability of the liver to perform its normal synthetic and metabolic functions as part of normal physiology. Two forms are recognised, acute and chronic (cirrhosis). [ 1 ] Recently, a third form of liver failure known as acute-on-chronic liver failure ( ACLF ) is increasingly being recognized.
In the developed world, the most common cause is liver cirrhosis. [4] Other causes include cancer, heart failure, tuberculosis, pancreatitis, and blockage of the hepatic vein. [4] In cirrhosis, the underlying mechanism involves high blood pressure in the portal system and dysfunction of blood vessels. [4]